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This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 3 March 2025. This article is about the chemical element. For other uses, see Sulfur (disambiguation). Chemical element with atomic number 16 (S) Sulfur, 16 S Sulfur Alternative name Sulphur (pre-1992 British spelling) Allotropes see Allotropes of sulfur Appearance Lemon yellow sintered microcrystals ...
Sulfur dioxide is a mild but useful reducing agent. It is oxidized by halogens to give the sulfuryl halides, such as sulfuryl chloride: SO 2 + Cl 2 → SO 2 Cl 2. Sulfur dioxide is the oxidising agent in the Claus process, which is conducted on a large scale in oil refineries. Here, sulfur dioxide is reduced by hydrogen sulfide to give ...
The sulfur dioxide then oxidized to sulfur trioxide using oxygen with vanadium(V) oxide as catalyst. 2 SO 2 + O 2 ⇌ 2 SO 3 (−198 kJ/mol) (reaction is reversible) The sulfur trioxide is hydrated into sulfuric acid H 2 SO 4: SO 3 + H 2 O → H 2 SO 4 (g) (−101 kJ/mol) The last step is the condensation of the sulfuric acid to liquid 97–98% ...
Sulfur hexafluoride or sulphur hexafluoride (British spelling) is an inorganic compound with the formula SF 6. It is a colorless, odorless, non-flammable, and non-toxic gas. SF 6 has an octahedral geometry, consisting of six fluorine atoms attached to a central sulfur atom. It is a hypervalent molecule. [citation needed] Typical for a nonpolar ...
Sulfur (m.p. 115 °C) melts and flows into the middle tube. Water pressure alone is unable to force the sulfur into the surface due to the molten sulfur's greater density, so hot air is introduced via the innermost tube to froth the sulfur, making it less dense, and pushing it to the surface. [1] The sulfur obtained can be very pure (99.7 - 99.8%).
The sulfur atom is in the +6 oxidation state while the four oxygen atoms are each in the −2 state. The sulfate ion carries an overall charge of −2 and it is the conjugate base of the bisulfate (or hydrogensulfate) ion, HSO − 4 , which is in turn the conjugate base of H 2 SO 4 , sulfuric acid .
The physical properties of elemental sulfur obtained in the Claus process can differ from that obtained by other processes. [5] Sulfur is usually transported as a liquid ( melting point 115 °C). In elemental sulfur, viscosity increases rapidly at temperatures in excess of 160 °C due to the formation of polymeric sulfur chains.
Octasulfur forms several allotropes: α-sulfur, β-sulfur, γ-sulfur, and λ-sulfur. λ-Sulfur is the liquid form of octasulfur, from which γ-sulfur can be crystallised by quenching. If λ-sulfur is crystallised slowly, it will revert to β-sulfur. Since it must have been heated over 115 °C, neither crystallised β-sulfur or γ-sulfur will be ...