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The recorded pre-colonial history of the Philippines begins with the creation of the Laguna Copperplate Inscription in 900 and ends with the beginning of Spanish colonization in 1565. The inscription records its date of creation in 822 Saka (900 CE).
Luyag na Caboloan, known simply as Caboloan, alternatively as Binalatongan, was a sovereign pre-colonial Philippine polity (panarian) situated near the Agno River delta, centered around Binalatongan (modern-day San Carlos). It was reportedly the largest settlement in the entire Pangasinan region. [1] [2] [3]
Pangasinan was a sovereign coastal pre-colonial Philippine polity (panarian) located at the coasts of Lingayen Gulf. [1] South of Pangasinan was the kingdom of Caboloan (Luyag na Caboloan), located in the interior of Central Luzon , beside the Agno River basin.
After the various polities of the Philippine archipelago were united into a single political entity during colonial times, the term gradually lost its original specific meaning, and took on more generic, descriptive denotations: population center (poblacion) or capital (cabisera); municipality; or in the broadest sense, "country".
The pre-existing elite was entrenched within the new political system, and the dominant Nacionalista Party steadily gained more control over its institutions. In 1935 the autonomous Commonwealth of the Philippines was established, giving the Philippines its own constitution and a powerful President.
Butuan, sometimes referred to as the Kingdom of Butuan (Filipino: Kaharian ng Butuan; Butuanon: Gingharian hong Butuan; Cebuano: Gingharian sa Butuan; Chinese: 蒲端國; pinyin: Púduānguó), was a precolonial Bisaya Hindu polity (lungsod) centered around northeastern Mindanao island in present-day Butuan, Philippines.
Enjoying a more extensive commerce than those in Visayas, having the influence of Bornean political contacts, and engaging in farming wet rice for a living, the Tagalogs, who had established the dominant pre-colonial barangays in Luzon, were described by the Spanish Augustinian friar Martin de Rada as more traders than warriors. [21]
J. Carrol in his article: "The Word Bisaya in the Philippines and Borneo" (1960) thinks there might be indirect evidence in the possible affinity between the Visayans and Melanaos as he speculates that Makatunaw is similar with the ancient leader of the Melanao in Sarawak, called "Tugau" or "Maha Tungao" (Maha or महत्, meaning 'great ...