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CCID (chip card interface device) protocol is a USB protocol that allows a smartcard to be connected to a computer via a card reader using a standard USB interface, without the need for each manufacturer of smartcards to provide its own reader or protocol. [1]
Access to smart cards is provided through an enhanced version of the OpenCard Framework. Drivers are included for most ISO/IEC 7816-4 compliant smart cards, PC/SC and CT-API card readers. The platform also provides cryptographic support through the Java Cryptography Extension (JCE) with the Bouncy Castle Crypto API.
OpenSC is a set of software tools and libraries to work with smart cards, with the focus on smart cards with cryptographic capabilities. [2] [3] OpenSC facilitate the use of smart cards in security applications such as authentication, encryption and digital signatures. OpenSC implements the PKCS #15 standard and the PKCS #11 API.
Argentina's Mendoza province began using smart card driver's licenses in 1995. Mendoza also had a high level of road accidents, driving offenses, and a poor record of recovering fines. [citation needed] Smart licenses hold up-to-date records of driving offenses and unpaid fines. They also store personal information, license type and number, and ...
A card reader is a data input device that reads data from a card-shaped storage medium and provides the data to a computer. Card readers can acquire data from a card via a number of methods, including: optical scanning of printed text or barcodes or holes on punched cards, electrical signals from connections made or interrupted by a card's punched holes or embedded circuitry, or electronic ...
ISO/IEC 7816 is an international standard related to electronic identification cards with contacts, especially smart cards, and more recently, contactless mobile devices, managed jointly by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC).
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An Answer To Reset (ATR) is a message output by a contact Smart Card conforming to ISO/IEC 7816 standards, following electrical reset of the card's chip by a card reader. The ATR conveys information about the communication parameters proposed by the card, and the card's nature and state.