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The rib cage or thoracic cage is an endoskeletal enclosure in the thorax of most vertebrates that comprises the ribs, vertebral column and sternum, which protect the vital organs of the thoracic cavity, such as the heart, lungs and great vessels and support the shoulder girdle to form the core part of the axial skeleton.
The female skeleton is generally less massive, smoother, and thinner than the male; [14] its rib cage is more rounded and smaller, its lumbar curve greater, and a generally longer and smaller female waist results from the chest being more narrow at the base, and the pelvis generally not as high. [14]
The first rib is attached to thoracic vertebra 1 (T1). At the front of the body, most of the ribs are joined by costal cartilage to the sternum. Ribs connect to vertebrae at the costovertebral joints. [4] The parts of a rib includes the head, neck, body (or shaft), tubercle, and angle. The head of the rib lies next to a vertebra. The ribs ...
Superficial anatomy of female and male human body Surface projections of the major organs of the trunk, using the vertebral column and rib cage as main reference points of superficial anatomy Surface anatomy , or superficial anatomy, is important in human anatomy being the study of anatomical landmarks that can be readily identified from the ...
In adults the sternum is on average about 1.7 cm longer in the male than in the female. ... anatomy, is a flat bone that lies in the middle front part of the rib cage.
The anatomy of the chest can also be described through the use of anatomical landmarks. The nipple in the male is situated in front of the fourth rib or a little below; vertically it lies a little external to a line drawn down from the middle of the clavicle; in the female it is not so constant.
In the upper chest, the heart and lungs are protected by the rib cage, and the abdomen contains most of the organs responsible for digestion: the stomach, which breaks down partially digested food via gastric acid; the liver, which respectively produces bile necessary for digestion; the large and small intestines, which extract nutrients from ...
The axial skeleton (80 bones) is formed by the vertebral column (32–34 bones; the number of the vertebrae differs from human to human as the lower 2 parts, sacral and coccygeal bone may vary in length), a part of the rib cage (12 pairs of ribs and the sternum), and the skull (22 bones and 7 associated bones).