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However, undilated examination is more convenient (albeit not as comprehensive), and is the most common type in primary care. An alternative or complement to ophthalmoscopy is to perform a fundus photography , where the image can be analysed later by a professional.
Examination findings may include microaneurysms, cotton wool spots, dot and blot hemorrhages, and neovascularization. [8] [10] Dilated fundus exam is the preferred method of diagnosis, as undilated exam may be too limited to visualize lesions or neovascularization that are more peripheral. [11]
Practical instruments for fundus photography perform the following modes of examination: Colour, where the retina is illuminated by white light and examined in full colour. Red free fundus photography utilizes a filter in order to better observe superficial lesions and some vascular abnormalities within the retina and surrounding tissue. A ...
A full eye examination consists of a comprehensive evaluation of medical history, followed by 8 steps of visual acuity, pupil function, extraocular muscle motility and alignment, intraocular pressure, confrontational visual fields, external examination, slit-lamp examination and fundoscopic examination through a dilated pupil.
Arteriovenous nicking, also known as AV nicking, is the phenomenon where, on examination of the eye, a small artery is seen crossing a small vein (), which results in the compression of the vein with bulging on either side of the crossing.
A fundus photo, showing the optic disc as a bright area on the right where blood vessels converge. The spot to the left of the centre is the macula.The grey, more diffuse spot in the centre is a shadow artifact.
On Facebook, a common myth is that it leads to infertility among children. Grella often hears this in his exam room, too. But this is not the case. What can affect fertility, however, is cancer ...
Thus, if there is a question of papilledema on fundoscopic examination or if the optic disc cannot be adequately visualized, ultrasound can be used to rapidly assess for increased intracranial pressure and help direct further evaluation and intervention. Unilateral papilledema can suggest a disease in the eye itself, such as an optic nerve glioma.