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The presidency of Joseph Ejercito Estrada, also known as the Estrada administration, spanned 31 months from June 30, 1998, to January 20, 2001. Estrada was elected president of the Philippines in the May 11, 1998 national elections, receiving almost 11 million votes. Estrada campaigned on a pro-poor platform.
Following the end of World War II, the United States granted independence to the Philippines on July 4, 1946, via the Treaty of Manila. [13] July 4 was observed in the Philippines as Independence Day until August 4, 1964, when, upon the advice of historians and the urging of nationalists, President Diosdado Macapagal signed into law Republic ...
The Government of the Commonwealth of the Philippines in exile ( Spanish: Gobierno de la Commonwealth de Filipinas en el exilio, Tagalog: Pámahalaáng Kómonwélt ng Pilipinas sa pagpapatapón) was a continuation of the government of the Commonwealth of the Philippines after they had been evacuated from the country during World War II.
The Taft Commission, also known as the Second Philippine Commission ( Filipino: Ikalawang Komisyon ng Pilipinas ), was established by United States President William McKinley on March 16, 1900, following the recommendations of the First Philippine Commission, using presidential war powers while the U.S. was engaged in the Philippine–American ...
In the Philippines, security sector reform (SSR) is focused on "core security actors" that are allowed by the State to use violence in the performance of their mandates: most prominently the Armed Forces of the Philippines, Philippine National Police, and the Philippine Coast Guard (PCG), but also the Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency (PDEA); the National Bureau of Investigation (NBI ...
In President Joseph Estrada's term, two major legislations that he signed were Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999 (Republic Act No. 8749 [35]) which was designed to protect and preserve the environment and ensure the sustainable development of its natural resources, and Electronic Commerce Act of 2000 (Republic Act No. 8792) [36] which outlaws ...
Philippines portal. v. t. e. The Treaty of Manila of 1946, formally the Treaty of General Relations and Protocol, [ 1] is a treaty of general relations signed on July 4, 1946, in Manila, the capital of the Philippines. It relinquished U.S. sovereignty over the Philippines and recognized the independence of the Republic of the Philippines.
Philippine President Quezon led a twelfth independence mission to Washington to secure a better independence act. The result was the Philippines Independence Act, more popularly known as the "Tydings–McDuffie Act", of 1934, which was ratified by the Philippine Senate. The law provided for the granting of Philippine independence by 1946. [46]