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Neuromuscular disease. A neuromuscular disease is any disease affecting the peripheral nervous system (PNS), [a] the neuromuscular junctions, or skeletal muscles, all of which are components of the motor unit. [4] Damage to any of these structures can cause muscle atrophy and weakness. Issues with sensation can also occur.
trigeminal sensory neuropathy. numb chin syndrome. numb cheek syndrome. herpes simplex virus infection. facial nerve. bell's palsy. bilateral facial palsy. congenital (trauma, Mobius syndrome, cardiofacial syndrome) glossopharyngeal nerve.
Muscular dystrophies ( MD) are a genetically and clinically heterogeneous group of rare neuromuscular diseases that cause progressive weakness and breakdown of skeletal muscles over time. [ 1] The disorders differ as to which muscles are primarily affected, the degree of weakness, how fast they worsen, and when symptoms begin. [ 1]
Myasthenia gravis ( MG) is a long-term neuromuscular junction disease that leads to varying degrees of skeletal muscle weakness. [ 1] The most commonly affected muscles are those of the eyes, face, and swallowing. [ 1][ 5] It can result in double vision, drooping eyelids, and difficulties in talking and walking. [ 1]
Neuromuscular junction. The neuromuscular junction is a specialized synapse between a neuron and the muscle it innervates. It allows efferent signals from the nervous system to contract muscle fibers causing them to contract. In vertebrates, the neuromuscular junction is always excitatory, therefore to stop contraction of the muscle, inhibition ...
Myopathy means muscle disease ( Greek : myo- muscle + patheia -pathy : suffering ). This meaning implies that the primary defect is within the muscle, as opposed to the nerves ("neuropathies" or "neurogenic" disorders) or elsewhere (e.g., the brain). This muscular defect typically results in myalgia (muscle pain), muscle weakness (reduced ...
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ( ALS ), also known as motor neurone disease ( MND) or Lou Gehrig's disease in the United States, is a rare, terminal neurodegenerative disorder that results in the progressive loss of both upper and lower motor neurons that normally control voluntary muscle contraction. [ 3] ALS is the most common form of the ...
Spinal muscular atrophy ( SMA) is a rare neuromuscular disorder that results in the loss of motor neurons and progressive muscle wasting. [ 3][ 4][ 5] It is usually diagnosed in infancy or early childhood and if left untreated it is the most common genetic cause of infant death. [ 6] It may also appear later in life and then have a milder ...
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