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  2. Statistical significance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_significance

    [15] [16] But if the p-value of an observed effect is less than (or equal to) the significance level, an investigator may conclude that the effect reflects the characteristics of the whole population, [1] thereby rejecting the null hypothesis. [17] This technique for testing the statistical significance of results was developed in the early ...

  3. p-value - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P-value

    In a significance test, the null hypothesis is rejected if the p-value is less than or equal to a predefined threshold value , which is referred to as the alpha level or significance level. α {\displaystyle \alpha } is not derived from the data, but rather is set by the researcher before examining the data.

  4. Statistical hypothesis test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_hypothesis_test

    ("This is a specific test. Because the result is positive, we can confidently say that the patient has the condition.") See sensitivity and specificity and type I and type II errors for exhaustive definitions. Significance level of a test (α) p-value; Statistical significance test: A predecessor to the statistical hypothesis test (see the ...

  5. Sample size determination - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sample_size_determination

    The table shown on the right can be used in a two-sample t-test to estimate the sample sizes of an experimental group and a control group that are of equal size, that is, the total number of individuals in the trial is twice that of the number given, and the desired significance level is 0.05. [4] The parameters used are:

  6. Power (statistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_(statistics)

    In typical use, it is a function of the test used (including the desired level of statistical significance), the assumed distribution of the test (for example, the degree of variability, and sample size), and the effect size of interest. High statistical power is related to low variability, large sample sizes, large effects being looked for ...

  7. Type I and type II errors - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_I_and_type_II_errors

    The solution to this question would be to report the p-value or significance level α of the statistic. For example, if the p-value of a test statistic result is estimated at 0.0596, then there is a probability of 5.96% that we falsely reject H 0 .

  8. AOL Mail - AOL Help

    help.aol.com/products/aol-webmail

    Get answers to your AOL Mail, login, Desktop Gold, AOL app, password and subscription questions. Find the support options to contact customer care by email, chat, or phone number.

  9. Clinical significance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_significance

    In broad usage, the "practical clinical significance" answers the question, how effective is the intervention or treatment, or how much change does the treatment cause. In terms of testing clinical treatments, practical significance optimally yields quantified information about the importance of a finding, using metrics such as effect size, number needed to treat (NNT), and preventive fraction ...