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A GIS file format is a standard for encoding geographical information into a computer file, as a specialized type of file format for use in geographic information systems (GIS) and other geospatial applications. Since the 1970s, dozens of formats have been created based on various data models for various purposes
This mismatch was not possible when the census TIGER files were available in ASCII format that was topological unlike shapefiles. The Census Bureau has made the data available through WMS servers. [4] The data forms a base for OpenStreetMap in the US, and also was used for the initial import of US map data into the Waze navigation system.
It was created by Keyhole, Inc, which was acquired by Google in 2004. KML became an international standard of the Open Geospatial Consortium in 2008. [1] [2] Google Earth was the first program able to view and graphically edit KML files, but KML support is now available in many GIS software applications, such as Marble, [3] QGIS, [4] and ArcGIS ...
MapInfo TAB format – format using TAB, DAT, ID and MAP files (by MapInfo Corporation) National Transfer Format (NTF) – National Transfer Format (mostly used by the UK Ordnance Survey) Shapefile – open, hybrid vector data format using SHP, SHX and DBF files (by ESRI)
The OGC GeoPackage standard specifies a set of OGC member approved extensions in Annex F. Additional (vendor-specific) extensions may also be added by following the rules for GeoPackage extensions, however doing so can impact interoperability. GeoPackage was designed to be as lightweight as possible and be contained in one ready-to-use single file.
GIS data acquisition includes several methods for gathering spatial data into a GIS database, which can be grouped into three categories: primary data capture, the direct measurement phenomena in the field (e.g., remote sensing, the global positioning system); secondary data capture, the extraction of information from existing sources that are ...
Online collection of all digital USGS 1:24K scale topographic maps (as well as various other GIS data) covering the United States, available as a free download. NPScape: United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NPScape is a landscape dynamics monitoring project that provides landscape-level data, tools, and evaluations for ...
Google Maps is a web mapping platform and consumer application offered by Google. It offers satellite imagery, aerial photography, street maps, 360° interactive panoramic views of streets (Street View), real-time traffic conditions, and route planning for traveling by foot, car, bike, air (in beta) and public transportation.