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In molecular biology, glycoside hydrolase family 5 is a family of glycoside hydrolases EC 3.2.1., which are a widespread group of enzymes that hydrolyse the glycosidic bond between two or more carbohydrates, or between a carbohydrate and a non-carbohydrate moiety. A classification system for glycoside hydrolases, based on sequence similarity ...
Ribbon representation of the Streptomyces lividans β-1,4-endoglucanase catalytic domain - an example from the family 12 glycoside hydrolases [1]. Cellulase (EC 3.2.1.4; systematic name 4-β-D-glucan 4-glucanohydrolase) is any of several enzymes produced chiefly by fungi, bacteria, and protozoans that catalyze cellulolysis, the decomposition of cellulose and of some related polysaccharides:
This enzyme catalyses the hydrolysis of (1→4)-β-D-glucosidic linkages in cellulose and cellotetraose, releasing cellobiose from the non-reducing ends of the chains. CBH1 from yeast, for example, is composed of a carbohydrate binding site, a linker region and a catalytic domain. [ 6 ]
A similar enzyme utilizes GDP-glucose, cellulose synthase (GDP-forming) (EC 2.4.1.29). This family of enzymes is found in bacteria and plants alike. Plant members are usually known as CesA (cellulose synthase) or the tentative CslA (cellulose synthase-like), while bacterial members may additionally be known as BcsA (bacterial cellulose synthase ...
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β-1,3-glucanase, an enzyme in plants that breaks down β-1,3-glucans such as callose or curdlan; β-1,6 glucanase, an enzyme that breaks down β-1,6-glucans; Cellulase, an enzyme that perform the hydrolysis of 1,4-beta-D-glycosidic linkages in cellulose, lichenin and cereal β-D-glucans. [2] Xyloglucan-specific endo-beta-1,4-glucanase
A cellulase unit (CU) is a unit of measurement for the enzyme cellulase.One cellulase unit is that activity that will produce a relative fluidity change of one in 5 minutes in a defined carboxymethylcellulose substrate under the conditions of an assay (50 deg Celsius, pH 4.5). [1]
The global production of CA materials was over 800,000 tonnes (790,000 long tons; 880,000 short tons) per year in 2008. While it was initially believed that CA was virtually non-biodegradable, it has been shown that after initial partial deacetylation, the polymer's cellulose backbone is readily biodegraded by cellulase enzymes.