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Dimethyl sulfone (DMSO 2) is an organosulfur compound with the formula (CH 3) 2 SO 2. It is also known by several other names including methyl sulfone and (especially in alternative medicine) methylsulfonylmethane (MSM). [4] This colorless solid features the sulfonyl functional group and is the simplest of the sulfones. It is relatively inert ...
Triflidic acid (IUPAC name: tris[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]methane, abbreviated formula: Tf 3 CH) is an organic superacid. It is one of the strongest known carbon acids and is among the strongest Brønsted acids in general, with an acidity exceeded only by the carborane acids .
Methanesulfonyl chloride (mesyl chloride) is an organosulfur compound with the formula CH 3 SO 2 Cl. Using the organic pseudoelement symbol Ms for the methanesulfonyl (or mesyl) group CH 3 SO 2 –, it is frequently abbreviated MsCl in reaction schemes or equations. It is a colourless liquid that dissolves in polar organic solvents but is ...
However, the use of dichloromethane is avoided since it can generate highly explosive azido-chloromethane and diazidomethane. The reaction may also instead be conducted in toluene, [3] acetonitrile, or pyridine. [4] Tf 2 O + NaN 3 → TfN 3 + NaOTf (Tf = CF 3 SO 2) An alternative route starts from imidazole-1-sulfonyl azide. [5]
This can also explain why phosphorus in phosphanes can't donate electron density to carbon through induction (i.e. +I effect) although it is less electronegative than carbon (2.19 vs 2.55, see electronegativity list) and why hydroiodic acid (pKa = -10) being much more acidic than hydrofluoric acid (pKa = 3).
Methanesulfonyl azide melts at 18 °C and decomposes from 120 °C. [1] Like many other azides, it is explosive. [3] At low temperature, methanesulfonyl azide crystallizes in the triclinic crystal system in the space group P1 with the lattice parameters a = 5.6240 Å; b = 5.9498 Å, c = 7.6329 Å, α = 72.216°, β = 70.897°, and γ = 88.601°, and two molecules per unit cell.
Ms 2 O may be prepared by the dehydration of methanesulfonic acid with phosphorus pentoxide. [2] P 2 O 5 + 6 CH 3 SO 3 H → 3 (CH 3 SO 2) 2 O + 2 H 3 PO 4. Ms 2 O can be purified by distillation under vacuum (distillation of a solid) or by recrystallization from Methyl tert-butyl ether/toluene.
For example, n-butyl triflate can be written as CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 OTf. The corresponding triflate anion , CF 3 SO − 3 , is an extremely stable polyatomic ion ; this comes from the fact that triflic acid ( CF 3 SO 3 H ) is a superacid ; i.e. it is more acidic than pure sulfuric acid , already one of the strongest acids known.