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Justice as Fairness: Political not Metaphysical" is an essay by John Rawls, published in 1985. [1] In it he describes his conception of justice. It comprises two main principles of liberty and equality; the second is subdivided into fair equality of opportunity and the difference principle .
The first part of the book summarises the theories of Rawls, primarily articulated in A Theory of Justice (1971), as well as debates with critics from various angles. The second part of the book discusses how to address contemporary economic, political, social and environmental issues, using Rawls's theories as a framework.
Justice as Fairness: A Restatement is a 2001 book of political philosophy by the philosopher John Rawls, published as a restatement of his 1971 classic A Theory of Justice (1971). [1] The restatement was made largely in response to the significant number of critiques and essays written about Rawls's 1971 book on this subject.
John Bordley Rawls (/ r ɔː l z /; [2] February 21, 1921 – November 24, 2002) was an American moral, legal and political philosopher in the modern liberal tradition. [3] [4] Rawls has been described as one of the most influential political philosophers of the 20th century.
He points out that children have strong notions of fairness and acute aversion to manifest injustice. In his introduction to The Idea of Justice, Sen states that "the strong perception of manifest injustice applies to adult human beings as well (as children). What moves us, reasonably enough, is not the realization that the world falls short of ...
A Theory of Justice is a 1971 work of political philosophy and ethics by the philosopher John Rawls (1921–2002) in which the author attempts to provide a moral theory alternative to utilitarianism and that addresses the problem of distributive justice (the socially just distribution of goods in a society).
Distributive justice relates to the principle of fairness in the allocation of wealth, income, power and opportunities. [4] Many theoretical paradigms have been developed to approach distributive justice such as Adam Smith's invisible hand, Karl Marx's Socialist view of Communism and John Rawls original position on inequality.
Liberalism and the Limits of Justice (1982; second edition 1998) is a book by the American political philosopher Michael J. Sandel. The book presents a critique of John Rawls ' theory of justice as fairness , as articulated in A Theory of Justice (1971).