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Glucose isomerase (also known as xylose isomerase) catalyzes the conversion of D-xylose and D-glucose to D-xylulose and D-fructose. Like most sugar isomerases, glucose isomerase catalyzes the interconversion of aldoses and ketoses. [24] The conversion of glucose to fructose is a key component of high-fructose corn syrup production.
Ribose-5-phosphate isomerase (Rpi) encoded by the RPIA gene is an enzyme (EC 5.3.1.6) that catalyzes the conversion between ribose-5-phosphate (R5P) and ribulose-5-phosphate (Ru5P). It is a member of a larger class of isomerases which catalyze the interconversion of chemical isomers (in this case structural isomers of pentose ).
Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (GPI), alternatively known as phosphoglucose isomerase/phosphoglucoisomerase (PGI) or phosphohexose isomerase (PHI), is an enzyme ( EC 5.3.1.9) that in humans is encoded by the GPI gene on chromosome 19. [4] This gene encodes a member of the glucose phosphate isomerase protein family.
Triose phosphate isomerase is a highly efficient enzyme, performing the reaction billions of times faster than it would occur naturally in solution. The reaction is so efficient that it is said to be catalytically perfect : It is limited only by the rate the substrate can diffuse into and out of the enzyme's active site.
The isomerase has now been observed in nearly a hundred species of bacteria. [2] Xylose-isomerases are also commonly called glucose isomerase or fructose isomerases due to their ability to interconvert glucose and fructose. The systematic name of this enzyme class is α-D-xylopyranose aldose-ketose-isomerase. Other names in common use include D ...
Protein disulfide-isomerase has two catalytic thioredoxin-like domains (active sites), each containing the canonical CGHC motif, and two non catalytic domains. [4] [5] [6] This structure is similar to the structure of enzymes responsible for oxidative folding in the intermembrane space of the mitochondria; an example of this is mitochondrial IMS import and assembly (Mia40), which has 2 ...
Xylose. D-Xylose is a five-carbon aldose (pentose, monosaccharide) that can be catabolized or metabolized into useful products by a variety of organisms.There are at least four different pathways for the catabolism of D-xylose: An oxido-reductase pathway is present in eukaryotic microorganisms.
Ribose-5-phosphate isomerase deficiency (RPID) is a rare human disorder caused by mutations in ribose-5-phosphate isomerase, an enzyme of the pentose phosphate pathway.With only four known cases – all diagnosed between 1984 and 2019 – RPI deficiency is the second rarest disease, with Fields condition being the rarest, affecting two known individuals, Catherine and Kirstie Fields.