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Cyclopentolate is often chosen as a milder, shorter-lasting, cycloplegic alternative to atropine, another cycloplegic agent which lasts much longer. Tropicamide is an even shorter-lasting cycloplegic than cyclopentolate, but is less reliable for finding latent hyperopia. Cyclopentolate drops act rapidly to dilate the pupil. [5]
[5] [12] To keep the specific drug in the therapeutic window using eye drops the topical must be applied approximately every 30 minutes in order to be fully effective. [ 5 ] [ 12 ] Having to apply eye drops every 30 minutes would be nearly impossible for anyone and is not the ideal mechanism by which to deliver such drugs to the eye.
The WHO Model List of Essential Medicines for Children (aka Essential Medicines List for Children [1] or EMLc [1]), published by the World Health Organization (WHO), contains the medications considered to be most effective and safe in children up to twelve years of age to meet the most important needs in a health system.
Tropicamide, sold under the brand name Mydriacyl among others, is a medication used to dilate the pupil and help with examination of the eye. [3] Specifically it is used to help examine the back of the eye. [4] It is applied as eye drops. [3] Effects occur within 40 minutes and last for up to a day. [3]
Spasm of accommodation is frequently resistant to treatment. However, some patients do find relief through the use of daily eye dilation with cycloplegic drops. One side effect of cycloplegic drops is that they often have BAK as a preservative ingredient, which, with daily use, can erode the tear shield:
Every 8–12 hours: 15-20%: eye irritation, bitter taste Brinzolamide: Azopt: Decrease aqueous production: Every 8–12 hours: 15-20%: eye irritation, bitter taste Acetazolamide: Diamox: Decrease aqueous production: Every 6–12 hours: 15-20%: malaise, depression, weight loss, kidney stones
A study of 2,523 children in grades 1 to 8 (age, 5–17 years) found nearly one in 10 (9%) have at least −0.75 diopters of myopia. [149] In this study, 13% had at least +1.25 D hyperopia (farsightedness), and 28% had at least 1.00-D difference between the two principal meridians (cycloplegic autorefraction) of astigmatism. For myopia, Asians ...
Visine (/ ˌ v aɪ ˈ z iː n /), also known as Vispring, is a brand of eye drops produced by Kenvue. [1] Visine was first introduced in 1958 and was acquired by Pfizer in 1999. [2] [3] In 2006, Johnson & Johnson acquired Visine, along with Pfizer's entire consumer healthcare portfolio. [4]