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In financial accounting, a balance sheet (also known as statement of financial position or statement of financial condition) is a summary of the financial balances of an individual or organization, whether it be a sole proprietorship, a business partnership, a corporation, private limited company or other organization such as government or not-for-profit entity.
At the micro-economic level, deleveraging refers to the reduction of the leverage ratio, or the percentage of debt in the balance sheet of a single economic entity, such as a household or a firm. It is the opposite of leveraging , which is the practice of borrowing money to acquire assets and multiply gains and losses.
However, what is classified as debt can differ depending on the interpretation used. Thus, the ratio can take on a number of forms including: Debt / Equity; Long-term Debt / Equity; Total Liabilities / Equity; In a basic sense, Total Debt / Equity is a measure of all of a company's future obligations on the balance sheet relative to equity.
Financial analysts use some form of leverage ratio to quantify the proportion of debt and equity in a company's capital structure, and to make comparisons between companies. Using figures from the balance sheet, the debt-to-capital ratio can be calculated as shown below. [17]
Corporate finance is an area of finance that deals with the sources of funding, and the capital structure of businesses, the actions that managers take to increase the value of the firm to the shareholders, and the tools and analysis used to allocate financial resources.
It sometimes refers more specifically to the practice of managing financial risks that arise due to mismatches - "duration gaps" - between the assets and liabilities, on the firm's balance sheet or as part of an investment strategy. ALM sits between risk management and strategic planning.
Financial statement analysis (or just financial analysis) is the process of reviewing and analyzing a company's financial statements to make better economic decisions to earn income in future. These statements include the income statement , balance sheet , statement of cash flows , notes to accounts and a statement of changes in equity (if ...
Commercial debt is generally subject to contractual terms regarding the amount and timing of repayments of principal and interest. [1] Loans, bonds, notes, and mortgages are all types of debt. In financial accounting, debt is a type of financial transaction, as distinct from equity.