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Solid “bridging” to stabilize floor joists. Blocking placed as attachment points for cabinets, while doubling as bracing against compression of the studs. Blocking (dwang, nog, noggin, and nogging) is the use of short pieces of dimensional lumber in wood framed construction to brace longer members or to provide grounds for fixings.
A composite steel deck combines the tensile strength of steel with the compressive strength of concrete to improve design efficiency and reduce the material necessary to cover a given area. Additionally, composite steel decks supported by composite steel joists can span greater distances between supporting elements and have reduced live load ...
Wall framing in house construction includes the vertical and horizontal members of exterior walls and interior partitions, both of bearing walls and non-bearing walls. . These stick members, referred to as studs, wall plates and lintels (sometimes called headers), serve as a nailing base for all covering material and support the upper floor platforms, which provide the lateral strength along a
The waffle slab floor system has several advantages: Better for buildings that require less vibrations – this is managed by the two way joist reinforcements that form the grid. Bigger spans can be achieved with less material, being more economical and environmentally friendly; Some people find the waffle pattern aesthetically pleasing [4]
Between these stringers, joists are positioned roughly 12 inches (30 cm) apart, upon which boards or plywood are placed. The stringers and joists are usually 4 by 4 inch or 4 by 6 inch lumber. The most common imperial plywood thickness is 3 ⁄ 4 inch and the most common metric thickness is 18 mm.
Cross bracing between joists or rafters strengthens the members by preventing sideways deflection. This bracing is known by many names such as herringbone strutting, blocking, bridging, and dwanging. This bracing is known by many names such as herringbone strutting, blocking, bridging, and dwanging.
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A double floor is a floor framed with joists supported by larger timbers.. In traditional timber framing there may be a single set of joists which carry both a floor and ceiling called a single floor (single joist floor, single framed floor) or two sets of joists, one carrying the floor and another carrying the ceiling called a double floor (double framed floor).