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At depths below periscope depth submarines determine their position using: Dead reckoning course information obtained from the ship's gyrocompass , measured speed and estimates of local ocean currents, this could also be considered an estimated position as long as the ocean current is computed in.
1889 Arthur Krebs & Jean Rey periscope for the French submarine Gymnote. Periscopes allow a submarine, when submerged at a relatively shallow depth, to search visually for nearby targets and threats on the surface of the water and in the air. When not in use, a submarine's periscope retracts into the hull.
Submarines can be spotted from aircraft when they're operating at a shallow depth pretty much anywhere where the water is clear (which is why they generally stay bellow periscope depth) so this is isn't all that rare. Nick Dowling 03:10, 3 August 2008 (UTC) Support-- nicer image than the failed candidate, good encyc. value. Not a common photo ...
Virtual periscope is a system that allows submerged submarines to observe the surface above them without having to come to a shallower depth, as is required by traditional periscopes. The system, described in a patent as "Virtual Periscope", [1] was tested in 2005 aboard USS Chicago (SSN-721). It employed a small camera mounted on the sail of ...
Also, "periscope feather" (the wave created by the snorkel or periscope moving through the water) can be spotted in calm seas. During the early months of the Battle of the Atlantic in World War II, British ships using the radar set Model 271 were able to detect the periscope of a submerged submarine at a distance of 800 m (0.50 mi) during tests ...
Coming to periscope depth soon thereafter, she approached cautiously, keeping in mind the ship may have been the advance screen of a convoy. The contact proved to be a 150-ton trawler. Thresher battle-surfaced, commencing fire at 6,000 yards (5,500 m); the trawler sank after Thresher expended 45 5 inches (130 mm) shells, 1,000 rounds of .50 cal ...
The snort mast had a float valve that would close automatically if the submarine dropped below periscope depth. In December of that same year Affray was sent to the Mediterranean; it was recorded during deep dives in this sea that she began "leaking like a sieve" and that the Admiralty-class diesels started leaking oil.
This is the maximum depth at which a submarine is permitted to operate under normal peacetime circumstances, and is tested during sea trials.The test depth is set at two-thirds (0.66) of the design depth for United States Navy submarines, while the Royal Navy sets test depth at 4/7 (0.57) the design depth, and the German Navy sets it at exactly one-half (0.50) of design depth.