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Country of origin (CO) represents the country or countries of manufacture, production, design, or brand origin where an article or product comes from. [1] For multinational brands, CO may include multiple countries within the value-creation process. There are differing rules of origin under various national laws and international treaties.
Rules of origin are the rules to attribute a country of origin to a product in order to determine its "economic nationality". [1] The need to establish rules of origin stems from the fact that the implementation of trade policy measures, such as tariffs, quotas, trade remedies, in various cases, depends on the country of origin of the product at hand.
A Certificate of Origin or Declaration of Origin (often abbreviated to C/O, CO or DOO) is a document widely used in international trade transactions which attests that the product listed therein has met certain criteria to be considered as originating in a particular country. A certificate of origin / declaration of origin is generally prepared ...
ISO 3166-1 (Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions – Part 1: Country codes) is a standard defining codes for the names of countries, dependent territories, and special areas of geographical interest. It is the first part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization.
The country-of-origin effect (COE), also known as the made-in image and the nationality bias, [1] is a psychological effect describing how consumers' attitudes, perceptions and purchasing decisions are influenced by products' country of origin labeling, which may refer to where: a brand is based, a product is designed or manufactured, or other forms of value-creation aligned to a country. [2]
Domicile of Origin. Domicile of origin is established by law at birth to every individual. It refers to the domicile of the person's parent, and is hard for the person to lose. [8] This means that it is not necessarily established based on where an individual was born or where their parents live. [9]
National origin is the nation where a person was born, or where that person's ancestors came from. It also includes the diaspora of multi-ethnic states and societies that have a shared sense of common identity identical to that of a nation while being made up of several component ethnic groups. National origin can be the same, different from ...
The Amish (/ ˈɑːmɪʃ /; Pennsylvania German: Amisch; German: Amische), formally the Old Order Amish, are a group of traditionalist Anabaptist Christian church fellowships with Swiss and Alsatian origins. [2] As they maintain a degree of separation from surrounding populations, and hold their faith in common, the Amish have been described by ...