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  2. Approximate string matching - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Approximate_string_matching

    Common applications of approximate matching include spell checking. [5] With the availability of large amounts of DNA data, matching of nucleotide sequences has become an important application. [1] Approximate matching is also used in spam filtering. [5] Record linkage is a common application where records from two disparate databases are matched.

  3. Lookup table - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lookup_table

    For data requests that fall between the table's samples, an interpolation algorithm can generate reasonable approximations by averaging nearby samples." [8] In data analysis applications, such as image processing, a lookup table (LUT) can be used to transform the input data into a more desirable output format. For example, a grayscale picture ...

  4. Approximate limit - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Approximate_limit

    In mathematics, the approximate limit is a generalization of the ordinary limit for real-valued functions of several real variables. A function f on R k {\displaystyle \mathbb {R} ^{k}} has an approximate limit y at a point x if there exists a set F that has density 1 at the point such that if x n is a sequence in F that converges towards x ...

  5. p-chart - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P-chart

    The p-chart only accommodates "pass"/"fail"-type inspection as determined by one or more go-no go gauges or tests, effectively applying the specifications to the data before they are plotted on the chart. Other types of control charts display the magnitude of the quality characteristic under study, making troubleshooting possible directly from ...

  6. Smith chart - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smith_chart

    The length of the line would then be scaled to P 1 assuming the Smith chart radius to be unity. For example, if the actual radius measured from the paper was 100 mm, the length OP 1 would be 63 mm. The following table gives some similar examples of points which are plotted on the Z Smith chart. For each, the reflection coefficient is given in ...

  7. Approximation algorithm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Approximation_algorithm

    Clearly, the performance guarantee is greater than or equal to 1 and equal to 1 if and only if y is an optimal solution. If an algorithm A guarantees to return solutions with a performance guarantee of at most r(n), then A is said to be an r(n)-approximation algorithm and has an approximation ratio of r(n).

  8. Variational Bayesian methods - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variational_Bayesian_methods

    Variational Bayesian methods are a family of techniques for approximating intractable integrals arising in Bayesian inference and machine learning.They are typically used in complex statistical models consisting of observed variables (usually termed "data") as well as unknown parameters and latent variables, with various sorts of relationships among the three types of random variables, as ...

  9. Order of approximation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_approximation

    is an approximate fit to the data. In this example there is a zeroth-order approximation that is the same as the first-order, but the method of getting there is different; i.e. a wild stab in the dark at a relationship happened to be as good as an "educated guess".