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Chola Nadu is an ancient region spanning on the current state of Tamil Nadu and union territory of Puducherry in southern India. It encompasses the lower reaches of the Kaveri River and its delta, and formed the cultural homeland and political base of the Chola Dynasty which ruled large parts of India and Sri Lanka between the 9th and 13th ...
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The Three Crowned Kings, [a] were the triumvirate of Chera, Chola and Pandya who dominated the politics of the ancient Tamil country, Tamilakam, from their three Nadu (countries) of Chola Nadu, Pandya Nadu (present day Madurai and Tirunelveli) and Chera Nadu (present day Kerala and some parts of Tamilnadu) in southern India.
It was captured by the Medieval Chola king Aditya I (ruled c. 871–907 CE), who defeated the armies of the Pallava ruler Aparajitavarman (880–897) in about 890. [11] and claimed all of Tondai Nadu as Chola territory. [12] During the reign of Uttama Chola most of Tondaimandalam had been recovered from the Rashtrakutas. [13]
The Chola dynasty was at the peak of its influence and power during the 11th century. [39] Rajendra I conquered Odisha and Pala dynasty of Bengal and reached the Ganges river in north India. [40] Rajendra Chola I built a new capital called Gangaikonda Cholapuram to celebrate his victories in northern India. [41]
The Chola empire was divided into several provinces called mandalams which were further divided into valanadus, which were subdivided into units called kottams or kutrams. [52] At local government level, every village was a self-governing unit. A number of villages constituted a larger entity known as a kurram, nadu or kottam, depending on the ...
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The mandalam was the largest of the Chola territorial divisions and was divided into smaller units named nāḍu). Each nadu functioned as an agrarian production unit and comprised around ten villages and possibly one or two towns ( nagaram ).