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Sir Edmund Plowden, (1518–1585), distinguished English lawyer, legal scholar and theorist during the late Tudor period. Sir Charles Porter (1631-1696), English-born politician and judge, Lord Chancellor of Ireland. Denis Nowell Pritt (1887-1972), British barrister and Labour politician.
Medieval juries were self-informing, in that individuals were chosen as jurors because they either knew the parties and the facts, or they had the duty to discover them. This spared the government the cost of fact-finding. [3] Over time, English juries became less self-informing and relied more on the trial itself for information on the case.
Henry II of England, who was originally thought to have created the Court of Common Pleas through a royal decree in 1178. Originally, the sole fixed court like body was the curia regis, one of the three central administrative bodies along with the Exchequer and Chancery, from which the Court of Chancery formed. [3]
The jurisdiction of the following courts was transferred to the High Court of Justice by section 16 of the Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1873: . The High Court of Chancery, as a Common Law Court as well as a Court of Equity, including the jurisdiction of the Master of the Rolls, as a Judge or Master of the Court of Chancery, and any jurisdiction exercised by him in relation to the Court of ...
Irish legal tradition is inherited from English tradition and so an Irish courtroom has a similar setup to the English/Welsh model. The judge (or judges, in the Supreme Court and Special Criminal Court or some High Court cases) sits on a raised platform at the top of the court and wears a white collar (also called tabs) and a black gown; he/she does not wear a wig and does not use a gavel.
Newgate, the old city gate and prison. In the 12th century, Henry II instituted legal reforms that gave the Crown more control over the administration of justice. As part of his Assize of Clarendon of 1166, he required the construction of prisons, where the accused would stay while royal judges debated their innocence or guilt and subsequent punishment.
For nearly 300 years, from the time of the Norman Conquest until 1362, French was the language of the courts, rather than English. Until the twentieth century, many legal terms were still expressed in Latin. The Supreme Court of Judicature was formed in 1875 from the merging of various courts then existing, such as the Court of King's Bench
One of the oldest complete ecclesiastical courtrooms in England is the consistory court in Chester Cathedral.. A consistory court is a type of ecclesiastical court, especially within the Church of England where they were originally established pursuant to a charter of King William the Conqueror, and still exist today, although since about the middle of the 19th century consistory courts have ...