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Riboswitch-controlled formation of rho-independent transcription termination hairpins leads to premature transcription termination. Riboswitch-mediated folding sequesters the ribosome-binding site, thereby inhibiting translation. The riboswitch is a ribozyme that cleaves itself in the presence of sufficient concentrations of its metabolite.
The TPP riboswitch, also known as the THI element and Thi-box riboswitch, is a highly conserved RNA secondary structure. It serves as a riboswitch [1][2] that binds thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) directly and modulates gene expression through a variety of mechanisms in archaea, bacteria and eukaryotes. [3][4][5] TPP is the active form of thiamine ...
The riboswitch functions by directly sensing a physiological signal. [10] Next, a specific uncharged tRNA binds to a riboswitch element in the transcript, and a structural change occurs in the transcript that promotes expression of the downstream coding sequence. [2] [10] The specifier sequence is the first recognition sequence in the leader. [7]
Ribozyme. 3D structure of a hammerhead ribozyme. Ribozymes (ribo nucleic acid en zyme s) are RNA molecules that have the ability to catalyze specific biochemical reactions, including RNA splicing in gene expression, similar to the action of protein enzymes. The 1982 discovery of ribozymes demonstrated that RNA can be both genetic material (like ...
A purine riboswitch is a sequence of ribonucleotides in certain messenger RNA (mRNA) that selectively binds to purine ligands via a natural aptamer domain. [1] This binding causes a conformational change in the mRNA that can affect translation by revealing an expression platform for a downstream gene, or by forming a translation-terminating ...
T-box refers to a group of transcription factors involved in embryonic limb and heart development. [1] Every T-box protein has a relatively large DNA-binding domain, generally comprising about a third of the entire protein that is both necessary and sufficient for sequence-specific DNA binding. All members of the T-box gene family bind to the ...
Attenuator (genetics) In genetics, attenuation is a regulatory mechanism for some bacterial operons that results in premature termination of transcription. The canonical example of attenuation used in many introductory genetics textbooks, [ 1 ] is ribosome-mediated attenuation of the trp operon. Ribosome-mediated attenuation of the trp operon ...
The TATA box consensus sequence is TATAWAW, where W is either A or T. In molecular biology, the TATA box (also called the Goldberg–Hogness box) [ 1 ] is a sequence of DNA found in the core promoter region of genes in archaea and eukaryotes. [ 2 ] The bacterial homolog of the TATA box is called the Pribnow box which has a shorter consensus ...