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Etruscan funerary urn crowned with the sculpture of a woman and a front-panel relief showing two warriors fighting, polychrome terracotta, c. 150 BC. The mainstay of the Roman republic's war machine was the manipular legion, a heavy infantry unit suitable for close-quarter engagements on more or less any terrain, which was probably adopted sometime during the Samnite Wars (343–290 BC). [2]
The Western section of the Notitia was drawn up in the 420's but the British units must date to before 410, when the island was evacuated by the Roman army. The names of ten praefecti (regimental commanders) are preserved, of which the origin of just one is certain: Quintus Petronius Urbicus from Brixia ( Brescia ) in northern Italy ( c. 220 ).
Panel from Trajan's Column, Rome. Equites cataphractarii, or simply cataphractarii, were the most heavily armoured type of Roman cavalry in the Imperial Roman army and Late Roman army. The term derives from a Greek word, κατάφρακτος kataphraktos, meaning "covered over" or "completely covered" (see Cataphract).
Sagittarii (Latin, plural form of sagittarius) is the Latin term for archers. The term sagittariorum in the title of an infantry or cavalry unit indicated a specialized archer regiment. [1] Regular auxiliary units of foot and horse archers appeared in the Roman army during the early empire. [2] During the Principate roughly two thirds of all ...
There were three basic types of auxiliary regiment. (1) an ala (literally "wing") was a purely cavalry regiment of 480 horse. (2) a cohors ("cohort") was a purely infantry regiment of 480 foot. (3) a cohors equitata was a mixed infantry/cavalry regiment of 600 men (480 infantry, 120 cavalry). A minority of regiments were denoted milliaria which ...
Cohors II Aquitanorum equitata c.R. Cohors secunda Aquitanorum equitata civium Romanorum ("2nd part-mounted Cohort of Aquitani Roman citizens") was a Roman auxiliary mixed infantry and cavalry regiment. It was probably originally raised in Gallia Aquitania in the reign of founder-emperor Augustus after the revolt of the Aquitani was suppressed ...
The equites (/ ˈɛkwɪtiːz /; lit.'horse' or 'cavalrymen', though sometimes referred to as " knights " in English) constituted the second of the property-based classes of ancient Rome, ranking below the senatorial class. A member of the equestrian order was known as an eques (Latin: [ˈɛ.kʷɛs]).
Roman auxiliary cohort. Role. infantry/cavalry. Size. 600 men (480 infantry, 120 cavalry) Garrison/HQ. Moesia, Pannonia, Moesia Inferior, and Thracia. The Cohors II Lucensium [equitata] (2nd cohort from the Conventus Lucensis [partly mounted]) was a Roman auxiliary unit. It is attested by military diplomas and inscriptions.
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