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In mathematics, a set is countable if either it is finite or it can be made in one to one correspondence with the set of natural numbers. [a] Equivalently, a set is countable if there exists an injective function from it into the natural numbers; this means that each element in the set may be associated to a unique natural number, or that the elements of the set can be counted one at a time ...
Properties. [edit] A transcendental number is a (possibly complex) number that is not the root of any integer polynomial. Every real transcendental number must also be irrational, since a rational number is the root of an integer polynomial of degree one. [ 17 ] The set of transcendental numbers is uncountably infinite.
This is because the set of rationals, which is countable, is dense in the real numbers. The irrational numbers are also dense in the real numbers, however they are uncountable and have the same cardinality as the reals. The real numbers form a metric space: the distance between x and y is defined as the absolute value |x − y|.
In mathematics, a rational number is a number that can be expressed as the quotient or fraction of two integers, a numerator p and a non-zero denominator q. [ 1 ] For example, is a rational number, as is every integer (for example, ). The set of all rational numbers, also referred to as " the rationals ", 2 the field of ...
Grammatical number is a morphological category characterized by the expression of quantity through inflection or agreement. As an example, consider the English sentences below: That apple on the table is fresh. Those two apples on the table are fresh.
The rules allow the expression of conjunctions and disjunctions purely in terms of each other via negation. The rules can be expressed in English as: The negation of "A and B" is the same as "not A or not B." The negation of "A or B" is the same as "not A and not B." or
The set of all α having countably many predecessors—that is, the set of countable ordinals—is the union of these two number classes. Cantor proved that the cardinality of the second number class is the first uncountable cardinality. [12] Cantor's second theorem becomes: If P ′ is countable, then there is a countable ordinal α such that ...
A noun may serve as an object or subject within a phrase, clause, or sentence. [ 1 ][ note 1 ] In linguistics, nouns constitute a lexical category (part of speech) defined according to how its members combine with members of other lexical categories. The syntactic occurrence of nouns differs among languages. In English, prototypical nouns are ...