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Yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus L.) is a weed of most agricultural, horticultural, and nursery crops as well as turfgrass and landscapes. It is found growing in many soil types and exposures, but is most common on well-drained, sandy soils or damp to wet sites.
The two most common varieties of nutsedge in the U.S. are yellow nutsedge and purple nutsedge — the color of the flowers at the end of their stems. You can usually find these flowers blooming in the sunniest areas of the lawn.
Yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus) is an aggressive weed that spreads via underground stems and tubers. Many turf managers and homeowners find its yellow color, coarse texture, and fast growth rate objectionable in stands of cool-season turf.
Yellow nutsedge has yellow-brown flowers, while purple nutsedge has reddish-brown flowers. (See photos below) Roots. Nutsedge has shallow fibrous roots with round tubers or nutlets at the end of the rhizomes that store food. Young nuts are white and turn brown in summer and black when it approaches fall.
Nutsedge with yellow flowers, or most commonly known as yellow nutsedge, typically grows in the middle of summer. Whereas nutsedge that has deep red or purple flowers, also known as purple nutsedge, will typically grow in late summer.
Several nutsedges species exist, however the most common and troublesome ones are yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus L.) and purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.). Both are perennials that spread asexually through rhizomes (Figure 3).
Yellow nutsedge vs. purple nutsedge. Yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus) and purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) are two perennial species of nutsedge that commonly invade lawns. But how can you tell them apart?
Yellow nutsedge is a rapidly spreading perennial that forms brown- to tan-colored tubers at the tips of rhizomes. It gets its name from the yellowish-brown or straw-colored seedhead. This weed can be a severe problem in both warm- and cool-season turf species.
Images above: Upper left: Sprouting yellow nutsedge tuber with roots and a new shoot (Randall Prostak, University of Massachusetts). Upper right: Yellow nutsedge tillers (Antonio DiTommaso, Cornell University). Bottom: Yellow nutsedge inflorescence in fruit (Scott Morris, Cornell University).
Yellow nutsdege (Cyperus esculentus L.) is a warm-season, perennial weed common throughout Louisiana. It has leaves that resemble grass; however, it is a member of the sedge family. Yellow nutsdege does produce seeds, but they are rarely viable.