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As of 2024, nearly 80 different government space agencies are in existence, including more than 70 national space agencies and several international agencies. Initial competencies demonstrated include the funding and nomination of candidates to serve as astronauts, cosmonauts, or taikonauts with the countries/organizations executing human spaceflight solutions.
Human spaceflight programs have been conducted, started, or planned by multiple countries and companies. Until the 21st century, human spaceflight programs were sponsored exclusively by governments, through either the military or civilian space agencies. With the launch of the privately funded SpaceShipOne in 2004, a new category of human ...
Guiana Space Centre. Annual budget. €1.997-2.221bn [1] The European Union Space Programme[2] is an EU funding programme established in 2021 along with its managing agency, the European Union Agency for the Space Programme, [3] in order to implement the pre-existing European Space Policy established on 22 May 2007 when a joint and concomitant ...
M1 – Solar Orbiter, launched February 2020, operational – Solar observatory mission, designed to perform in-situ studies of the Sun at a perihelion of 0.28 astronomical units. M2 – Euclid, launched July 2023, operational – Visible and near-infrared space observatory mission focused on dark matter and dark energy.
A space program is an organized effort by a government or a company with a goal related to outer space. Lists of space programs include: List of government space agencies. List of private spaceflight companies. List of human spaceflight programs. List of space programs of the United States. List of uncrewed spacecraft by program.
Space program of Serbia (1 P) Space program of South Africa (2 C, 6 P) Space program of South Korea (4 C, 4 P) Space program of the Soviet Union (13 C, 33 P) Space program of Spain (5 C, 11 P) Space programme of Sweden (2 C, 15 P) Space program of Switzerland (4 C, 1 P)
e. The International Space Station programme is tied together by a complex set of legal, political and financial agreements between the fifteen nations involved in the project, governing ownership of the various components, rights to crewing and utilisation, and responsibilities for crew rotation and resupply of the International Space Station.
Countries (and successor states) whose citizens have flown in space as of January 2024. The criteria for determining who has achieved human spaceflight vary. The Fédération Aéronautique Internationale (FAI) defines spaceflight as any flight over 100 kilometres (62 mi), while in the United States, professional, military and commercial astronauts who travel above an altitude of 50 miles (80 ...