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Steel joists and Joist Girders being erected. In structural engineering, the open web steel joist (OWSJ) is a lightweight steel truss consisting, in the standard form, of parallel chords and a triangulated web system, proportioned to span between bearing points. The main function of an OWSJ is to provide direct support for roof or floor deck ...
Stud. Sill plate / sole plate / bottom plate. Wall studs are framing components in timber or steel -framed walls, that run between the top and bottom plates. It is a fundamental element in frame building. The majority non- masonry buildings rely on wall studs, with wood being the most common and least-expensive material used for studs.
The erection of a wooden frame in Sabah, Malaysia. The construction frames of a residential subdivision in Rogers, Minnesota in 2023. Framing, in construction, is the fitting together of pieces to give a structure, particularly a building, support and shape. [1] Framing materials are usually wood, engineered wood, or structural steel.
A purlin (or historically purline, purloyne, purling, perling) is a longitudinal, horizontal, structural member in a roof. In traditional timber framing there are three basic types of purlin: purlin plate, principal purlin, and common purlin. Purlins also appear in steel frame construction. Steel purlins may be painted or greased for protection ...
An engineered wood joist, more commonly known as an I-joist, is a product designed to eliminate problems that occur with conventional wood joists. Invented in 1969, the I-joist is an engineered wood product that has great strength in relation to its size and weight. The biggest notable difference from dimensional lumber is that the I-joist ...
Lumber. Wood cut from Victorian Eucalyptus regnans. The harbor of Bellingham, Washington, filled with logs, 1972. Lumber is wood that has been processed into uniform and useful sizes (dimensional lumber), including beams and planks or boards. Lumber is mainly used for construction framing, as well as finishing (floors, wall panels, window frames).
Joist. A single floor or simple set of joists. If the joists land directly above the studs they are stacked. A joist is a horizontal structural member used in framing to span an open space, often between beams that subsequently transfer loads to vertical members. When incorporated into a floor framing system, joists serve to provide stiffness ...
A waffle slab or two-way joist slab is a concrete slab made of reinforced concrete with concrete ribs running in two directions on its underside. [1] The name waffle comes from the grid pattern created by the reinforcing ribs. Waffle slabs are preferred for spans greater than 40 feet (12 m), as they are much stronger than flat slabs, flat slabs ...