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The South Pole is by definition the southernmost point on the Earth, lying antipodally to the North Pole. It defines geodetic latitude 90° South, as well as the direction of true south . At the South Pole all directions point North; all lines of longitude converge there, so its longitude can be defined as any degree value.
The North point will then be the point on the limb that is closest to the North celestial pole. Similarly, a line from the center to the South celestial pole will define the South point by its intersection with the limb. The points at right angles to the North and South points are the East and West points.
North and South poles are also defined for other planets or satellites in the Solar System, with a North pole being on the same side of the invariable plane as Earth's North pole. [ 2 ] Relative to Earth's surface, the geographic poles move by a few metres over periods of a few years. [ 3 ]
Planes parallel to the equatorial plane intersect the surface in circles of constant latitude; these are the parallels. The Equator has a latitude of 0°, the North Pole has a latitude of 90° North (written 90° N or +90°), and the South Pole has a latitude of 90° South (written 90° S or −90°). The latitude of an arbitrary point is the ...
Direction determination refers to the ways in which a cardinal direction or compass point can be determined in navigation and wayfinding.The most direct method is using a compass (magnetic compass or gyrocompass), but indirect methods exist, based on the Sun path (unaided or by using a watch or sundial), the stars, and satellite navigation.
Our compasses are just pointing to one pole at a time because there’s a dominant two-pole system. But sometimes, Earth doesn’t always just have a single magnetic North and South Pole.
South-up map orientation is the orientation of a map with south up, at the top of the map, amounting to a 180-degree rotation of the map from the standard convention of north-up. Maps in this orientation are sometimes called upside down maps or reversed maps .
A top-down view of the polar latitudes of Earth's Northern Hemisphere, centered on the Geographic North Pole and showing the distinct locations of the actual Magnetic North Pole and the idealized Geomagnetic North Pole as of 2017. Only the Geographic Pole is in a stationary position; the Magnetic and Geomagnetic Poles are both gradually moving ...