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Some modern historians define the revolutionary period as the period from the introduction of the Third Home Rule Bill to the end of the Civil War (1912/1913 to 1923), [1] [2] or sometimes more narrowly as the period from the Easter Rising to the end of the War of Independence or the Civil War (1916 to 1921/1923). [3] [4]
Irish Civil War: Bombardment by Michael Collins of Anti-Treaty forces occupying the Four Courts marks the start of the Irish Civil War, 1923: 24 May: Irish Civil War: IRA Chief of Staff Frank Aiken orders volunteers to dump arms, effectively ending the Civil War. 1925: 17 September: An election was held for 19 of the 60 seats in Seanad Éireann.
The Easter Rising (Irish: Éirí Amach na Cásca), [2] also known as the Easter Rebellion, was an armed insurrection in Ireland during Easter Week in April 1916. The Rising was launched by Irish republicans against British rule in Ireland with the aim of establishing an independent Irish Republic while the United Kingdom was fighting the First World War.
1 October – Time in Ireland: Dublin Mean Time (25 minutes behind Greenwich Mean Time) was made the same as British time from 2 am today under the terms of the Time (Ireland) Act, 1916. 29 October – John Redmond demanded the abolition of martial law, the release of suspected persons, and that Irish prisoners be treated as political prisoners.
Blurring linguistic structures from older forms of English (notably Elizabethan English) and the Irish language, it is known as Hiberno-English and was strongly associated with early 20th century Celtic Revival and Irish writers like J.M. Synge, George Bernard Shaw, Seán O'Casey, and had resonances in the English of Dubliner Oscar Wilde.
Some Recent Contributions to the Study of Modern Ireland." English Historical Review (2009) 124#506 :94–107· DOI: 10.1093/ehr/cen341; Hogan, Gerard. "De Valera, the Constitution and the Historians." Irish Jurist 40 (2005). McCarthy, Mark. Ireland's 1916 Rising: Explorations of History-making, Commemoration & Heritage in Modern Times ...
The quest for modern Ireland: the battle for ideas, 1912–1986 (Irish Academic Press, 2008). Girvin, Brian. "Beyond Revisionism? Some Recent Contributions to the Study of Modern Ireland." English Historical Review 124.506 (2009): 94–107. Gkotzaridis, Evi. Trials of Irish History: Genesis and Evolution of a reappraisal (Routledge, 2013 ...
The Irish Republican Army (IRA; Irish: Óglaigh na hÉireann [2]) was an Irish republican revolutionary paramilitary organisation. The ancestor of many groups also known as the Irish Republican Army, and distinguished from them as the "Old IRA", it was descended from the Irish Volunteers, an organisation established on 25 November 1913 that staged the Easter Rising in April 1916. [3]