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Lactic acid is used as a food preservative, curing agent, and flavoring agent. [51] It is an ingredient in processed foods and is used as a decontaminant during meat processing. [52] Lactic acid is produced commercially by fermentation of carbohydrates such as glucose, sucrose, or lactose, or by chemical synthesis. [51]
Lactic acid fermentation is a metabolic process by which glucose or other six-carbon sugars (also, disaccharides of six-carbon sugars, e.g. sucrose or lactose) are converted into cellular energy and the metabolite lactate, which is lactic acid in solution. It is an anaerobic fermentation reaction that occurs in some bacteria and animal cells ...
Lactic acidosis refers to the process leading to the production of lactate by anaerobic metabolism. It increases hydrogen ion concentration tending to the state of acidemia or low pH. The result can be detected with high levels of lactate and low levels of bicarbonate. This is usually considered the result of illness but also results from ...
“This [lactic acid] is what gives buttermilk its tangy flavor and thicker consistency,” says Sam Barton, Senior Food Technologist at Organic Valley. Then, the buttermilk is heated.
Adding the bacterial culture to milk kicks off the fermentation process, as the naturally occurring sugar lactose is converted into lactic acid. This thickens the milk to a creamier consistency ...
Streptococcus thermophilus formerly known as Streptococcus salivarius subsp. thermophilus[2][1] is a gram-positive bacterium, and a fermentative facultative anaerobe, of the viridans group. [3] It tests negative for cytochrome, oxidase, and catalase, and positive for alpha-hemolytic activity. [3] It is non-motile and does not form endospores. [3]
Lactobacillus acidophilus (Neo-Latin 'acid-loving milk-bacillus') is a rod-shaped, Gram-positive, homofermentative, anaerobic microbe first isolated from infant feces in the year 1900. [1] The species is commonly found in humans, specifically the gastrointestinal tract and oral cavity as well as some speciality fermented foods such as fermented ...
Leuconostoc lactis is a Gram-positive, non-motile, lactic acid bacterium that thrive best in acidic conditions and moderate temperatures. [2][1] L. lactis is capable of acidifying culture media through lactose fermentation to pH levels of 4.0-4.1, and milk to levels below 5.4. [4] The availability of citrate to co-metabolize with lactose allows ...