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military operations in respect of a potential, imminent or present armed conflict; the identity of confidential source of information, intelligence or assistance to the Government of Canada; tools used for information gathering or intelligence; the object of a covert investigation, or a covert collection of information or intelligence
Security clearances can be issued by many United States of America government agencies, including the Department of Defense (DoD), the Department of State (DOS), the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), the Department of Energy (DoE), the Department of Justice (DoJ), the National Security Agency (NSA), and the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA).
The U.S. government uses the term Controlled Unclassified Information to refer to information that is not Confidential, Secret, or Top Secret, but whose dissemination is still restricted. [13] Reasons for such restrictions can include export controls, privacy regulations, court orders, and ongoing criminal investigations, as well as national ...
Such compartmentalized clearances may be expressed as "John has a TS/SCI", whereby all clearance descriptors are spelled out verbally. For example, the US National Security Agency once used specialized terms such as "Umbra", [27] [28] [29] This classification is reported to be a compartment within the "Special Intelligence" compartment of SCI. [30]
The Battle of Normandy in 1944 is an example of a need-to-know restriction. Though thousands of military personnel were involved in planning the invasion, only a small number of them knew the entire scope of the operation; the rest were only informed of data needed to complete a small part of the plan.
These state secrets can include weapon designs, military plans, diplomatic negotiation tactics, and secrets obtained illicitly from others ("intelligence"). Most nations have some form of Official Secrets Act (the Espionage Act in the U.S.) and classify material according to the level of protection needed (hence the term "classified information").
Header of an unclassified Department of State telegram with the "SIPDIS" tag marked in red. The Secret Internet Protocol Router Network (SIPRNet) is "a system of interconnected computer networks used by the U.S. Department of Defense and the U.S. Department of State to transmit classified information (up to and including information classified SECRET) by packet switching over the 'completely ...
Military Earthworks Terms Archived 2007-02-17 at the Wayback Machine by the National Park Service, United States Department of the Interior; Military Terms Dictionary Lookup on military terms offering you clear definitions by some of the most reliable reference works in this field. Military acronyms and abbreviations