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It is a calculation of the Minimum Breaking Strength (MBS) also known as Minimum Breaking Load (MBL) divided by a safety factor, usually ranging from 4 to 6 on lifting equipment. The factor can be as high as 10:1 or 10 to 1, if the equipment poses a risk to a person's life.
Lifting equipment, also known as lifting gear, is a general term for any equipment that can be used to lift and lower loads. [1] Types of lifting equipment include heavy machinery such as the patient lift , overhead cranes , forklifts , jacks , building cradles, and passenger lifts, and can also include smaller accessories such as chains ...
In engineering, a factor of safety (FoS) or safety factor (SF) expresses how much stronger a system is than it needs to be for an intended load.Safety factors are often calculated using detailed analysis because comprehensive testing is impractical on many projects, such as bridges and buildings, but the structure's ability to carry a load must be determined to a reasonable accuracy.
The weight of the element can be determined by the calculated volume, and using the specific gravity (normal weight reinforced concrete is approximately 24 kN/m3). Establishing the lifting anchor positions will influence the rigging arrangements used and therefore the static analysis of the rigging should be determined.
In the Eurocode series of European standards (EN) related to construction, Eurocode 1: Actions on structures (abbreviated EN 1991 or, informally, EC 1) describes how to design load-bearing structures. It includes characteristic values for various types of loads and densities for all materials which are likely to be used in construction.
Live loads, sometimes also referred to as probabilistic loads, include all the forces that are variable within the object's normal operation cycle not including construction or environmental loads. Roof and floor live loads are produced during maintenance by workers, equipment and materials, and during the life of the structure by movable ...
For normal weight concrete (defined as concrete with a w c of 150 lb/ft 3 and subtracting 5 lb/ft 3 for steel) E c is permitted to be taken as ′. The publication used by structural bridge engineers is the AASHTO Load and Resistance Factor Design Manual, or
The characteristic strength is defined as the strength of the concrete below which not more than 5% of the test results are expected to fall. [ 16 ] For design purposes, this compressive strength value is restricted by dividing with a factor of safety, whose value depends on the design philosophy used.