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Presbyterianism is a Reformed (Calvinist) Protestant tradition named for its form of church government by representative assemblies of elders. [2] Though other Reformed churches are structurally similar, the word Presbyterian is applied to churches that trace their roots to the Church of Scotland or to English Dissenter groups that were formed during the English Civil War.
The family tree of American Presbyterianism, 1706–1983. Courtesy of the Presbyterian Historical Society, Philadelphia, PA, and updated.. Presbyterianism has had a presence in the United States since colonial times and has exerted an important influence over broader American religion and culture.
Presbyterians trace their history to the Protestant Reformation in the 16th century. The Presbyterian heritage, and much of its theology, began with the French theologian and lawyer John Calvin (1509–64), whose writings solidified much of the Reformed thinking that came before him in the form of the sermons and writings of Huldrych Zwingli.
In the twentieth century, Presbyterian and Episcopalians tended to be wealthier and more educated (having more graduate and postgraduate degrees per capita) than most other religious groups in the United States, [65] and were disproportionately represented in the upper reaches of American business, [66] law, and politics.
A History of the Southern Presbyterian Church. New York: The Christian Literature Company. Longfield, Bradley J. (2013), Presbyterians and American Culture: A History, Louisville, Kentucky: Westminster Johh Knox Press, ISBN 9780664231569
The Presbyterian Church (USA) is the largest Presbyterian denomination in the United States, [7] reporting 1,094,733 active members and 17,978 ordained ministers (including retired ones) [8] in 8,572 congregations at the end of 2023. [1] This number does not include members who are baptized but not confirmed, or the inactive members also ...
The family tree of Presbyterian denominations in the United States, courtesy of the Presbyterian Historical Society. As its name suggests, the EPC is an evangelical denomination. It associates mainly with Reformed bodies holding similar or identical beliefs regarding Christology, ecclesiology, and ethical/moral stances.
The United Presbyterian Church of North America (UPCNA) was an American Presbyterian denomination that existed for one hundred years. It was formed on May 26, 1858, by the union of the Northern branch of the Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church (Covenanter and Seceder) with the Associate Presbyterian Church (Seceders) at a convention at the Old City Hall in Pittsburgh.