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The Sellmeier equation is an empirical relationship between refractive index and wavelength for a particular transparent medium. The equation is used to determine the dispersion of light in the medium. It was first proposed in 1872 by Wolfgang Sellmeier and was a development of the work of Augustin Cauchy on Cauchy's equation for modelling ...
In optics, Cauchy's transmission equation is an empirical relationship between the refractive index and wavelength of light for a particular transparent material. It is named for the mathematician Augustin-Louis Cauchy , who originally defined it in 1830 in his article "The refraction and reflection of light".
A. R. Forouhi and I. Bloomer deduced dispersion equations for the refractive index, n, and extinction coefficient, k, which were published in 1986 [1] and 1988. [2] The 1986 publication relates to amorphous materials, while the 1988 publication relates to crystalline.
This correction isolates changes in Mg/Ca due solely to temperature variability [5], allowing for a more robust temperature reconstruction. Strontium (Sr) incorporates in coral aragonite, [ 6 ] [ 7 ] and it is well established that the precise Sr/Ca ratio in the coral skeleton shows an inverse correlation with the seawater temperature during ...
Std enthalpy change of formation, Δ f H o solid-1675.7 kJ/mol Standard molar entropy, S o solid: 50.92 J/(mol K) Heat capacity, c p: 89.7248 J/(mol K) Liquid properties Std enthalpy change of formation, Δ f H o liquid-1620.57 kJ/mol Standard molar entropy, S o liquid: 67.24 J/(mol K) Heat capacity, c p: 192.5 J/(mol K) Gas properties Std ...
Wolfgang Sellmeier was a German theoretical physicist who made major contributions to the understanding of the interactions between light and matter. [1] In 1872 he published his seminal work Ueber die durch die Aetherschwingungen erregten Mitschwingungen der Körpertheilchen und deren Rückwirkung auf die ersteren, besonders zur Erklärung der ...
Type II is produced by fusing quartz crystal powder in a high-temperature flame. Type III is produced by burning SiCl 4 in a hydrogen-oxygen flame. Type IV is produced by burning SiCl 4 in a water vapor-free plasma flame. [4] Quartz contains only silicon and oxygen, although commercial quartz glass often contains impurities.
With about twice as much carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, paleoclimate records show that global temperatures reached up to 5 to 6 °C higher than current temperatures. [22] However, other factors such as changes in orbital/solar forcing contribute to global temperature change in the paleo-record.