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Acute proliferative glomerulonephritis is a disorder of the small blood vessels of the kidney.It is a common complication of bacterial infections, typically skin infection by Streptococcus bacteria types 12, 4 and 1 but also after streptococcal pharyngitis, for which it is also known as postinfectious glomerulonephritis (PIGN) or poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (PSGN). [4]
Glomerulonephritis (GN) is a term used to refer to several kidney diseases (usually affecting both kidneys). Many of the diseases are characterised by inflammation either of the glomeruli or of the small blood vessels in the kidneys, hence the name, [ 1 ] but not all diseases necessarily have an inflammatory component.
Glomerulonephrosis is a non-inflammatory disease of the kidney presenting primarily in the glomerulus (a glomerulopathy) as nephrotic syndrome.The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney and it contains the glomerulus, which acts as a filter for blood to retain proteins and blood lipids.
A diagram of the pathology of acute (poststreptoccal) glomerulonephritis that shows the immune complex deposits below the podocyte foot processes. This creates subepithelial humps. Date: 21 February 2010, 19:07 (UTC) Source: Renal_corpuscle.svg; Author: Renal_corpuscle.svg: M•Komorniczak-talk-(polish Wikipedist) derivative work: Huckfinne (talk)
Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) - Another type of glomerulonephritis that is caused primarily by immune complex deposition in the glomerular mesangium and glomerular basement membrane thickening, which activates the complement cascade and damages the glomerulus. This damage leads to inflammation in the glomerulus and can present ...
Nephritis can often be caused by infections and toxins, but it is most commonly caused by autoimmune disorders that affect the major organs like kidneys. [5]Pyelonephritis is inflammation that results from a urinary tract infection that reaches the renal pelvis of the kidney.
Mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis of Lupus nephritis, Class II is also noted by mesangial hypercellularity and matrix expansion. Microscopic haematuria with or without proteinuria may be seen in Class II Lupus nephritis. Hypertension, nephrotic syndrome, and acute kidney injury are very rare at this stage. [6]
Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) is a type of glomerulonephritis caused by deposits in the kidney glomerular mesangium and basement membrane thickening, [2] activating the complement system and damaging the glomeruli. MPGN accounts for approximately 4% of primary renal causes of nephrotic syndrome in children and 7% in adults. [3]