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An ALG is very similar to a proxy server, as it sits between the client and real server, facilitating the exchange. There seems to be an industry convention that an ALG does its job without the application being configured to use it, by intercepting the messages. A proxy, on the other hand, usually needs to be configured in the client application.
SIP requests and responses may be generated by any SIP user agent; user agents are divided into clients (UACs), which initiate requests, and servers (UASes), which respond to them. [ 1 ] : §8 A single user agent may act as both UAC and UAS for different transactions: [ 1 ] : p26 for example, a SIP phone is a user agent that will be a UAC when ...
Intertex SIP transparent routers, firewalls and ADSL modems, for broadband deployments and SOHO market; Juniper Networks Netscreen and SRX firewalls include complete SIP Application Layer Gateway support; Linux Netfilter's SIP conntrack helper fully understands SIP and can classify (for QOS) and NAT all related traffic; Netopia Netopia supports ALG
The user agent client (UAC) sends SIP requests. The user agent server (UAS) receives requests and returns a SIP response. Unlike other network protocols that fix the roles of client and server, e.g., in HTTP, in which a web browser only acts as a client, and never as a server, SIP requires both peers to implement both roles.
This message may contain the client's Client ID (Option 61, containing a unique value, traditionally a MAC address), the IP address that the server is offering, the subnet mask, the lease duration, and the IP address of the DHCP server making the offer. The DHCP server may also take notice of the hardware-level MAC address (as specified in the ...
Examples of CPE types include modems, routers, gateways, set-top boxes, and VoIP-phones. TR-069 was first published in May 2004, with amendments in 2006, 2007, 2010, July 2011 (version 1.3), [ 1 ] and November 2013 (version 1.4 am5) [ 2 ] The Home Gateway Initiative (HGI), Digital Video Broadcasting Project (DVB) and WiMAX Forum have endorsed CWMP.
A SIP address is written in user@domain.tld format in a similar fashion to an email address.An address like: sip:1-999-123-4567@voip-provider.example.net. instructs a SIP client to use the NAPTR and SRV schemes to look up the SIP server associated with the DNS name voip-provider.example.net and connect to that server.
Based on these inherent SIP features it is possible to construct a peer-to-peer network of SIP nodes. In another approach, SIP over P2P, the SIP location service is replaced by conventional P2P overlay networking approach, such as the OverSim framework. [5] In this model, the overlay network is used for service or node discovery and rendezvous.