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Maternal–fetal medicine (MFM), also known as perinatology, is a branch of medicine that focuses on managing health concerns of the mother and fetus prior to, during, and shortly after pregnancy. Maternal–fetal medicine specialists are physicians who subspecialize within the field of obstetrics. [ 1 ]
Prenatal care, also known as antenatal care, is a type of preventive healthcare.It is provided in the form of medical checkups, consisting of recommendations on managing a healthy lifestyle and the provision of medical information such as maternal physiological changes in pregnancy, biological changes, and prenatal nutrition including prenatal vitamins, which prevents potential health problems ...
Fetal surgery, also known as antenatal surgery or prenatal surgery, [1] is a growing branch of maternal-fetal medicine that covers any of a broad range of surgical techniques that are used to treat congenital abnormalities in fetuses who are still in the pregnant uterus.
Prenatal care in the United States is a health care preventive care protocol recommended to women with the goal to provide regular check-ups that allow obstetricians-gynecologists, family medicine physicians, or midwives to detect, treat and prevent potential health problems throughout the course of pregnancy while promoting healthy lifestyles that benefit both mother and child. [1]
[1] [2] Around the mid-19th century, the care of newborns was in its infancy and was led mainly by obstetricians; [3] however, the early 1900s, pediatricians began to assume a more direct role in caring for neonates. [1] The term neonatology was coined by Dr. Alexander Schaffer in 1960. [4]
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The use of medicine to treat postpartum depression is a subject for debate, since some research indicates that the use of antidepressants during pregnancy can lead to physical malformations and long-term health problems of the baby [10] Other forms of treatment include support groups and psychotherapy.
Cannabis consumption in pregnancy might be associated with restrictions in growth of the fetus, miscarriage, and cognitive deficits. [81] Infants exposed to prenatal cannabis may show signs of increased tremors and altered sleep patterns. [82] Cannabis is the most frequently used illicit drug amongst pregnant women. [83]