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Chemiluminescence in aqueous system is mainly caused by redox reactions. [4] Chemiluminescence after a reaction of hydrogen peroxide and luminol. Luminol in an alkaline solution with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of iron or copper, [5] or an auxiliary oxidant, [6] produces 3-aminophtalate in an excited state, which exhibits ...
Propidium Iodide is not membrane-permeable, making it useful to differentiate necrotic, apoptotic and healthy cells based on membrane integrity. [3] [4] PI also binds to RNA, necessitating treatment with nucleases to distinguish between RNA and DNA staining. [5] PI is widely used in fluorescence staining and visualization of the plant cell wall ...
Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is an organic compound with the formula (CH 3) 3 NO. It is in the class of amine oxides.Although the anhydrous compound is known, trimethylamine N-oxide is usually encountered as the dihydrate.
Electrochemiluminescence or electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) is a kind of luminescence produced during electrochemical reactions in solutions. In electrogenerated chemiluminescence, electrochemically generated intermediates undergo a highly exergonic reaction to produce an electronically excited state that then emits light upon relaxation to a lower-level state.
The main difference between solution (1) and solution (2) is the different use of nitrate-nitrogen and ammonium-nitrogen based stock solutions to prepare the respective Hoagland solution of interest. Accordingly, the original 1933 and the modified concentrations of 1938 and 1950 for each essential element and sodium are shown below, the ...
Molecular models of the different molecules active in Piranha solution: peroxysulfuric acid (H 2 SO 5) and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2). Piranha solution, also known as piranha etch, is a mixture of sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4) and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2). The resulting mixture is used to clean organic residues off substrates, for example ...
The sensitivity of the reagent may become altered after the recommended time period. [11] Microtox Osmotic Adjustment Solution (MOAS) is a nontoxic solution that is made up of 22% sodium chloride and ultra-pure water. This solution is added to a sample to adjust the osmotic pressure to approximately 2% NaCl. [11]
The reagent used can be any substance that gives S 2− ions in such solutions; most commonly used are hydrogen sulfide (at 0.2-0.3 M), thioacetamide (at 0.3-0.6 M), addition of hydrogen sulfide can often prove to be a lumbersome process and therefore sodium sulfide can also serve the purpose. The test with the sulfide ion must be conducted in ...