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The closest encounter to the Sun so far predicted is the low-mass orange dwarf star Gliese 710 / HIP 89825 with roughly 60% the mass of the Sun. [4] It is currently predicted to pass 0.1696 ± 0.0065 ly (10 635 ± 500 au) from the Sun in 1.290 ± 0.04 million years from the present, close enough to significantly disturb the Solar System's Oort ...
The red curves labeled in years are isochrones at the given ages. In other words, stars 10 5 years old lie along the curve labeled 10 5, and similarly for the other 3 isochrones. The Hayashi track is a luminosity–temperature relationship obeyed by infant stars of less than 3 M ☉ in the pre-main-sequence phase (PMS phase) of stellar evolution.
V838 Monocerotis (Nova Monocerotis 2002) is a cataclysmic binary star in the constellation Monoceros about 19,000 light years (6 kpc) from the Sun.The previously unremarked star was observed in early 2002 experiencing a major outburst, and was one of the largest known stars for a short period following the outburst. [10]
Representative lifetimes of stars as a function of their masses The change in size with time of a Sun-like star Artist's depiction of the life cycle of a Sun-like star, starting as a main-sequence star at lower left then expanding through the subgiant and giant phases, until its outer envelope is expelled to form a planetary nebula at upper right Chart of stellar evolution
Note that even the most luminous stars are much less luminous than the more luminous persistent extragalactic objects, such as quasars. For example, 3C 273 has an average apparent magnitude of 12.8 (when observing with a telescope), but an absolute magnitude of −26.7.
A star system 3,000 light-years away from Earth is predicted to become visible to the naked eye this year — likely a once-in-a-lifetime viewing opportunity, as the phenomenon only occurs roughly ...
Thus, the lifetime of a star on the main sequence can be estimated by comparing it to solar evolutionary models. The Sun has been a main-sequence star for about 4.5 billion years and it will become a red giant in 6.5 billion years, [53] for a total main-sequence lifetime of roughly 10 10 years. Hence: [54]
Since it is more luminous than any star closer to Earth, Canopus has been the brightest star in the night sky during three epochs over the past four million years. Other stars appear brighter only during relatively temporary periods, during which they are passing the Solar System much closer than Canopus. About 90,000 years ago, Sirius moved ...