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Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, also known as triose phosphate or 3-phosphoglyceraldehyde and abbreviated as G3P, GA3P, GADP, GAP, TP, GALP or PGAL, is a metabolite that occurs as an intermediate in several central pathways of all organisms. [2] [3] With the chemical formula H(O)CCH(OH)CH 2 OPO 3 2-, this anion is a monophosphate ester of ...
The sequence around the active site residues is conserved in all known triose phosphate isomerases. The structure of triose phosphate isomerase contributes to its function. Besides the precisely placed glutamate and histidine residues to form the enediol, a ten- or eleven-amino acid chain of TPI acts as a loop to stabilize the intermediate.
Triosephosphate isomerase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the TPI1 gene. This gene encodes an enzyme, consisting of two identical proteins, which catalyzes the isomerization of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) and dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis .
Another way of visualising the structure is that it is the P 4 S 10 adamantane (P 4 O 10) structure with a PS 3+ vertex removed. P 4 S 4− 8 contains a square P 4 ring, [8] P 5 S 5− 10 contains a P 5 ring and P 6 S 6− 12 a P 6 ring. [11] These (PS − 2) n cyclic anions contain P with an oxidation state +3.
The disease referred to as triosephosphate isomerase deficiency (TPI), is a severe autosomal recessive inherited multisystem disorder of glycolytic metabolism. [18] It is characterized by hemolytic anemia and neurodegeneration, and is caused by anaerobic metabolic dysfunction.
D-Glyceraldehyde is an aldotriose because the carbonyl group is at the end of the chain Dihydroxyacetone is a ketotriose because the carbonyl group is the center of the chain.. A triose is a monosaccharide, or simple sugar, containing three carbon atoms.
The general formula of a phosphoric acid is H n+2−2x P n O 3n+1−x, where n is the number of phosphorus atoms and x is the number of fundamental cycles in the molecule's structure, between 0 and n + 2 / 2 . Pyrophosphate anion. Trimethyl orthophosphate.
3-Phosphoglyceric acid (3PG, 3-PGA, or PGA) is the conjugate acid of 3-phosphoglycerate or glycerate 3-phosphate (GP or G3P). [1] This glycerate is a biochemically significant metabolic intermediate in both glycolysis and the Calvin-Benson cycle.