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Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (PanNETs, PETs, or PNETs), often referred to as "islet cell tumours", [1] [2] or "pancreatic endocrine tumours" [3] [4] are neuroendocrine neoplasms that arise from cells of the endocrine and nervous system within the pancreas.
Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are neoplasms that arise from cells of the endocrine and nervous systems.They most commonly occur in the intestine, where they are often called carcinoid tumors, but they are also found in the pancreas, lung, and the rest of the body.
Gastrinoma is the second most common functional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (pNET), with a yearly incidence of approximately 0.5 to 21.5 cases per a million of people worldwide. [5] Gastrinomas are located predominantly in the duodenum (70%) and pancreas (25%). [20]
Pancreatic cancer is among the most deadly forms of cancer globally, with one of the lowest survival rates. In 2015, pancreatic cancers of all types resulted in 411,600 deaths globally. [8] Pancreatic cancer is the fifth-most-common cause of death from cancer in the United Kingdom, [19] and the third most-common in the United States. [20]
A VIPoma or vipoma (/ v ɪ ˈ p oÊŠ m É™ /) is a rare endocrine tumor [1] that overproduces vasoactive intestinal peptide (thus VIP + -oma). The incidence is about 1 per 10,000,000 per year. VIPomas usually (about 90%) originate from the non-β islet cells of the pancreas. They are sometimes associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1.
It is a rare form of a neuroendocrine tumour. Most insulinomas are benign in that they grow exclusively at their origin within the pancreas, but a minority metastasize. Insulinomas are one of the functional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumour (PNET) group ("functional" because it increases production of insulin). [1]
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