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The susceptibility of soil types to drought is a major concern in Akkaraipattu. The three main soil types in this area are: alluvial soil which has variable drainage and texture, reddish-brown soil, and Solonetz soil. The alluvial soil is generally found on flat flood plains.
Location of Sri Lanka. Environmental issues in Sri Lanka include large-scale logging of forests and degradation of mangroves, coral reefs and soil. Air pollution and water pollution are challenges for Sri Lanka since both cause negative health impacts. Overfishing and insufficient waste management, especially in rural areas, leads to ...
The tank cascade system (Sinhala: එල්ලංගාව, romanized: ellaṅgāva) is an ancient irrigation system spanning the island of Sri Lanka. It is a network of thousands of small irrigation tanks ( Sinhala : වැව , romanized: wewa ) draining to large reservoirs that store rainwater and surface runoff for later use.
According to the U.N. FAO, 28.8% of Sri Lanka was forested in 2010 (about 1,86 million hectares). In 1995, it was 1.94 million hectares or 32.2% [11] of the land area that was classified as dense forests while the balance 0.47 million hectares or 7% the land area classified as open forests.
The park's elevation range from 20–60 metres (66–197 ft) with sparse rock outcrop. [3] The Mahaweli River flows from south to north through the centre of the park. The rich alluvial soil flood plains situated beside the river are featured by a number of shallow swampy depressions called "villus".
Sri Lankan state-sponsored colonization schemes is the government program of settling mostly Sinhalese farmers from the densely populated wet zone into the sparsely populated areas of the dry zone. This has taken place since the 1950s near tanks and reservoirs being built in major irrigation and hydro-power programs such as the Mahaweli project .
The Mahaweli Development program (Sinhala: මහවැලි සංවර්ධන වැඩසටහන) is known as the largest multipurpose national development program in the history of Sri Lanka and is also considered the keystone of the government's development program that was initiated in 1961.
After the construction of Kala Wewa was completed, the king built another tank called Balalu Wewa (Sinhala: බලලු වැව) nearby and connected the two tanks together, with the resulting combined tank being the largest in Sri Lanka. [2] King Mahinda II, who ruled the country from 777 to 797 CE, expanded the tank further.