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Sample preparation for mass spectrometry is used for the optimization of a sample for analysis in a mass spectrometer (MS). Each ionization method has certain factors that must be considered for that method to be successful, such as volume, concentration , sample phase, and composition of the analyte solution.
In analytical chemistry, sample preparation (working-up) refers to the ways in which a sample is treated prior to its analyses. Preparation is a very important step in most analytical techniques, because the techniques are often not responsive to the analyte in its in-situ form, or the results are distorted by interfering species.
DRIFT spectroscopy: Sample powder within KBr is generally used in DRIFT. The powdered specimen can simply be prepared by grinding and then mixed with the IR-transparent KBr powder in the sample cup. [4] The IR beam undergoes mupltiple reflection, i.e. diffuse reflection, that scatter in between the surface of the sample particles in the sample cup.
However, they all require long sample preparation times and destroy the sample. Nondestructive techniques for the forensic analysis of lipstick smears include UV fluorescence observation combined with purge-and-trap gas chromatography, microspectrophotometry and scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), and Raman ...
Sample preparation is one of the most critical steps in NanoSIMS analysis, particularly when analysing biological samples. [11] Specific protocols should be developed for individual experiments in order to best preserve not only the structure of the sample but also the true spatial distribution and abundance of molecules within the sample.
The useful range for observation of a sample in a mid-infrared spectrum when using Fluorolube as the mulling agent is 4000 cm −1 to 1300 cm −1. [ 2 ] Because of these two agents’ complementary absorption processes, it is common to run a sample as both a Nujol mull and a Fluorolube mull separately.
If the sample is too absorbent, then it can be diluted with a nonabsorbent material such as potassium bromide, potassium chloride, etc. The particle size should be smaller than the wavelength of the incident light in order to minimize Mie scattering, so this would infer that it should be less than 5 μm for mid-infrared spectroscopy. The ...
PEELS – parallel electron energy loss spectroscopy; PEEM – Photoemission electron microscopy (or photoelectron emission microscopy) PES – Photoelectron spectroscopy; PINEM – photon-induced near-field electron microscopy; PIGE – Particle (or proton) induced gamma-ray spectroscopy, see nuclear reaction analysis