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The occupation was met by a campaign of both passive resistance and civil disobedience from the German inhabitants of the Ruhr. Chancellor Cuno immediately encouraged the passive resistance, [22] and on January 13, the Reichstag voted 283 to 12 to approve it as a formal policy. [23]
The Cuno strikes were a nationwide wave of strikes in Germany against the government of Chancellor Wilhelm Cuno in August 1923. The strikes were called by the Communist Party of Germany in response to Cuno's policy of passive resistance against the French and Belgian occupation of the Ruhr and the hyperinflation that resulted from it.
During its brief three months in office, the Great Coalition ended the passive resistance against the Ruhr occupation, successfully stabilized the currency by replacing the worthless Papiermark with the Rentenmark and expelled the German Communist Party from the governments of Saxony and Thuringia by means of a Reichsexekution. [1]
The occupation of the Ruhr ended on 25 August 1925. Germany considered the Dawes Plan to be a temporary measure and expected a revised solution in the future. [ 17 ] In 1928 German Foreign Minister Gustav Stresemann, the former chancellor, called for a final plan to be established, and the Young Plan was enacted in 1929.
During his brief chancellorship, he abandoned the policy of passive resistance against the French-Belgian occupation of the Ruhr and introduced the Rentenmark in a (relatively successful) attempt to tame hyperinflation in the country. In November, Stresemann's reshuffled government collapsed after the Social Democrats withdrew from the coalition.
11 January – French and Belgian troops enter the Ruhr in the Occupation of the Ruhr because of Germany’s refusal to pay war reparations, causing strikes and a severe economic crisis. [1] 20 April – Julius Streicher's antisemitic newspaper Der Stürmer begins publication. [2] 13 August – The First Stresemann cabinet was sworn in.
12 August: As a result of the Ruhr occupation crisis, the Cuno government resigns. It is replaced by a grand coalition led by Gustav Stresemann of the German People's Party. [32] 26 September: The German government ends passive resistance. [58] 27 September: Gustav Ritter von Kahr is declared General State Commissioner for Bavaria with ...
In January 1923, when Germany defaulted on its reparations to France, the French premier Raymond Poincaré ordered the occupation of the Ruhr, marking the beginning of "passive resistance" that led to hyperinflation.