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The common name "common horsetail" references the appearance of the plant that when bunched together appears similar to a horse's tail. [7] Many species of horsetail have been described and subsequently synonymized with E. arvense. One of these is E. calderi, a small form described from Arctic North America. [8]
Equisetum (/ ˌ ɛ k w ɪ ˈ s iː t əm /; horsetail) is the only living genus in Equisetaceae, a family of vascular plants that reproduce by spores rather than seeds. [2]Equisetum is a "living fossil", the only living genus of the entire subclass Equisetidae, which for over 100 million years was much more diverse and dominated the understorey of late Paleozoic forests.
The horsetails comprise photosynthesising, "segmented", hollow stems, sometimes filled with pith. At the junction ("node", see diagram) between each segment is a whorl of leaves. In the only extant genus Equisetum, these are small leaves (microphylls) with a singular vascular trace
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Equisetum hyemale strobilus, at Darłówko on the Baltic Sea coast of Poland. Equisetum hyemale is native to central and northern Eurasia, including Iceland, Greenland, Kamchatka and Japan, where it forms clonal colonies in mesic (reliably moist) habitats, often in heavy clay or sandy soils in riparian zones of rivers and streams where it can withstand occasional flooding, but also in lime ...
The leaves are scales fused into sheaths that cover the stems and branches. These spiny leaves are larger and looser on the fertile stems. [2] The plant is well identifiable from the 3-6 reddish brown leaf sheaths or "teeth". [1] [3] The fertile stems are shorter than the others; on these develop the cones that bear the spore casings or ...
Scientific name Common name Notes References Abrus precatorius: Crab's eye Also known as precatory bean, rosary pea, or jequirity bean [8] Acer rubrum: Red maple, also known as swamp or soft maple Toxic compounds are gallic acid and tannins. [9] [4] Adonis microcarpa: Pheasant's eye Often found in hay. [10] [11] Aesculus hippocastanum: Horse ...
The leaves are up to 8 centimeters long and 7 wide. The inflorescence is a dense spike of many flowers. Each flower has long sepals tipped with bright purple and tubular corollas in shades of pink and purple. The fruit is a light brown, fuzzy nutlet about 2 millimeters long.