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In the Java Swing API, the LayoutManager interface defines how Container objects can have controlled Component placement. One of the more powerful LayoutManager implementations is the GridBagLayout class which requires the use of the GridBagConstraints class to specify how layout control occurs.
In the field of programming a data transfer object (DTO [1] [2]) is an object that carries data between processes.The motivation for its use is that communication between processes is usually done resorting to remote interfaces (e.g., web services), where each call is an expensive operation. [2]
A typical implementation model of Java-RMI using stub and skeleton objects. Java 2 SDK, Standard Edition, v1.2 removed the need for a skeleton. The Java Remote Method Invocation (Java RMI) is a Java API that performs remote method invocation, the object-oriented equivalent of remote procedure calls (RPC), with support for direct transfer of serialized Java classes and distributed garbage ...
The Java Native Interface (JNI) is a foreign function interface programming framework that enables Java code running in a Java virtual machine (JVM) to call and be called by [1] native applications (programs specific to a hardware and operating system platform) and libraries written in other languages such as C, C++ and assembly.
It provides a different interface, the javax.transaction.UserTransaction, that is used by general client code such as a servlet or an EJB to manage the transactions. The JTA architecture requires that each resource manager must implement the javax.transaction.xa.XAResource interface in order to be managed by the TP monitor. As stated previously ...
Software architecture: Middleware. The term is most commonly used for software that enables communication and management of data in distributed applications.An IETF workshop in 2000 defined middleware as "those services found above the transport (i.e. over TCP/IP) layer set of services but below the application environment" (i.e. below application-level APIs).
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This environment may be the controller of a conventional MVC architecture or any other system-level code. The trigger causes the environment to instantiate a context object . The type of object is chosen according to the kind of use case that will ensue, based on information about the trigger or the system state or both.