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Typhoid fever, also known simply as typhoid, is a disease caused by Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi bacteria, also called Salmonella typhi. [ 2][ 3] Symptoms vary from mild to severe, and usually begin six to 30 days after exposure. [ 4][ 5] Often there is a gradual onset of a high fever over several days. [ 4]
Spotted fever. A spotted fever is a type of tick-borne disease which presents on the skin. [1] They are all caused by bacteria of the genus Rickettsia. Typhus is a group of similar diseases also caused by Rickettsia bacteria, but spotted fevers and typhus are different clinical entities. Transmission process: When the tick latches on, it needs ...
Typhoid fever is caused by the bacterium Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi. [ 37 ] In Canada alone, the typhus epidemic of 1847 killed more than 20,000 people from 1847 to 1848, mainly Irish immigrants in fever sheds and other forms of quarantine, who had contracted the disease aboard the crowded coffin ships in fleeing the Great Irish Famine .
History of typhoid fever. In 2000, typhoid fever caused an estimated 21.7 million illnesses and 217,000 deaths. [ 1] It occurs most often in children and young adults between 5 and 19 years old. [ 2] In 2013, it resulted in about 161,000 deaths – down from 181,000 in 1990. [ 3] Infants, children, and adolescents in south-central and Southeast ...
Murine typhus. Murine typhus, also known as endemic typhus or flea-borne typhus, is a form of typhus transmitted by fleas ( Xenopsylla cheopis ), usually on rats, in contrast to epidemic typhus which is usually transmitted by lice. [ 1][ 2][ 3] Murine typhus is an under-recognized entity, as it is often confused with viral illnesses.
Scrub typhus or bush typhus is a form of typhus caused by the intracellular parasite Orientia tsutsugamushi, a Gram-negative α-proteobacterium of family Rickettsiaceae first isolated and identified in 1930 in Japan. [ 2][ 3] Although the disease is similar in presentation to other forms of typhus, its pathogen is no longer included in genus ...
Hepatosplenomegaly (commonly abbreviated HSM) is the simultaneous enlargement of both the liver ( hepatomegaly) and the spleen ( splenomegaly ). Hepatosplenomegaly can occur as the result of acute viral hepatitis, infectious mononucleosis, and histoplasmosis or it can be the sign of a serious and life-threatening lysosomal storage disease.
29,200 [ 6] Paratyphoid fever, also known simply as paratyphoid, is a bacterial infection caused by one of three types of Salmonella enterica. [ 1] Symptoms usually begin 6–30 days after exposure and are the same as those of typhoid fever. [ 1][ 3] Often, a gradual onset of a high fever occurs over several days. [ 1]