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Sri Lanka is a tropical island situated close to the southern tip of India. It is situated in the middle of Indian Ocean. Because of being an island, Sri Lanka has many endemic freshwater fauna, including fish, crabs, molluscs, and other aquatic insects.
The ornate paradisefish ( Malpulutta kretseri) or spotted gourami, is a species of gourami endemic to Sri Lanka. [1] [2] It is the only recognized species in its genus. [3] It inhabits shallow, slow-flowing streams in forested areas shaded with plentiful vegetation near the edges and a substrate covered by leaf litter.
Because of being an island, Sri Lanka has many endemic freshwater fauna, as well as thousands of marine and brackish water fauna. [1] Fishing is the way of life of most of coastal community. So, the marine fish fauna gives a greater commercial value to the country's economy, as well as well being of the coastal people. [2]
Pethia cumingii, known as the Cuming's barb or the two spot barb (though that name can also apply to the Ticto barb, P. ticto ), is a species of cyprinid fish endemic to Sri Lanka. [2] [3] Its stocks have declined in recent decades, and in 1996 it was assessed to be in need of conservation to ensure it stays plentiful.
Crimson fronted barbet suggested as endemic. 1994. 23+1. Kotagama and Fernando – A Field Guide to the Birds of Sri Lanka. Follow Sibley and Monroe. 1994. 23+3. Wijesinghe – A Checklist of the Birds of Sri Lanka. Three species are suggested as endemic.
Sri Lanka contains 93 species of freshwater fish, of which 50 are endemic. 28 species are categorized as threatened by the IUCN. [5] There are 8 species of brackish water fish that also come to freshwater, and 24 introduced exotic fish species.
Mystus ankutta, also known as the Sri Lanka dwarf catfish or yellow dwarf catfish, is a species of catfish of the family Bagridae that is endemic to Sri Lanka. In the wild it is found in freshwater bodies from Kelani river to Nilwala river in Sri Lanka. It grows to a length of 7.9 cm. This fish is classified as endangered by the IUCN.
Lepidocephalichthys jonklaasi, known as the Jonklaas's loach or the spotted loach, is an endemic fish species restricted to the wet zone of Sri Lanka. [2] [3] The species was first recorded from the Wilpita area (Daraniyagala 1952). It is currently known from 12 locations in the wet zone including Beraliya, Dombagaskandha, Madakada, Gilimale ...