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Chernozem (from Russian: чернозём, romanized: chernozyom, IPA: [tɕɪrnɐˈzʲɵm]; "black ground"), [ 1][ 2] also called black soil, regur soil or black cotton soil, is a black-colored soil containing a high percentage of humus [ 3] (4% to 16%) and high percentages of phosphorus and ammonia compounds. [ 4] Chernozem is very fertile ...
Wood preservation. In moist and oxygenated soil, there are few treatments that enable vulnerable wood (softwood here) to resist for long against bacterial or fungal degradation. Detail of sample in photo above. Wood easily degrades without sufficient preservation. Apart from structural wood preservation measures, there are a number of different ...
Natural dye. Naturally dyed skeins made with madder root, Colonial Williamsburg, VA. Natural dyes are dyes or colorants derived from plants, invertebrates, or minerals. The majority of natural dyes are vegetable dyes from plant sources— roots, berries, bark, leaves, and wood —and other biological sources such as fungi. [ 1]
Chromated copper arsenate ( CCA) is a wood preservative containing compounds of chromium, copper, and arsenic, in various proportions. It is used to impregnate timber and other wood products, especially those intended for outdoor use, in order to protect them from attack by microbes and insects. Like other copper-based wood preservatives, it ...
In Boulder, when you see a dot at the base of the tree, that signifies it needs treatment for emerald ash borer, elm scale, or drippy blight. Paint dots at head height mean the tree needs pruning ...
Tannic acid is a specific form of tannin, a type of polyphenol. Its weak acidity ( pK a around 6) is due to the numerous phenol groups in the structure. The chemical formula for commercial tannic acid is often given as C 76 H 52 O 46, which corresponds with decagalloyl glucose, but in fact it is a mixture of polygalloyl glucoses or polygalloyl ...
Ochre. Ochre ( / ˈoʊkər / OH-kər; from Ancient Greek ὤχρα (ṓkhra), from ὠχρός (ōkhrós) 'pale'), iron ochre, or ocher in American English, is a natural clay earth pigment, a mixture of ferric oxide and varying amounts of clay and sand. [ 1] It ranges in colour from yellow to deep orange or brown. It is also the name of the ...
Nyssa sylvatica is an important food source for many migrating birds in the fall [autumn]. Its early color change ( foliar fruit flagging) is thought to attract birds to the available fruit, which ripen before many other fall fruits and berries. The fruit is quite marked, dark blue, in clusters of two or three.