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Proteus mirabilis appears as Gram-negative rods after Gram staining under bright-field microscopy with 1000 times magnification. Proteus mirabilis is a Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacterium. It shows swarming motility and urease activity. P. mirabilis causes 90% of all Proteus infections in humans.
Xylose lysine deoxycholate agar (XLD agar) is a selective growth medium used in the isolation of Salmonella and Shigella species from clinical samples and from food. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The agar was developed by Welton Taylor in 1965. [ 3 ]
The term Proteus signifies changeability of form, as personified in the Homeric poems in Proteus, "the old man of the sea", who tends the sealflocks of Poseidon and has the gift of endless transformation. The first use of the term “Proteus” in bacteriological nomenclature was made by Hauser (1885), who described under this term three types ...
XLT Agar (Xylose Lysine Tergitol-4) is a selective culture medium for the isolation and identification of salmonellae from food and environmental samples. It is similar to XLD agar ; however, the agar is supplemented with the surfactant, Tergitol 4 , which causes inhibition of Proteus spp. and other non-Salmonellae. [ 1 ]
A third technique is using sterile glass beads to plate out cells. In this technique, cells are grown in a liquid culture, in which a small volume is pipetted on the agar plate and then spread out with the beads. Replica plating is another technique used to plate out cells on agar plates. These four techniques are the most common, but others ...
The pour plate technique is the typical technique used to prepare plate count agars. Here, the inoculum is added to the molten agar before pouring the plate. The molten agar is cooled to about 45 degrees Celsius and is poured using a sterile method into a petri dish containing a specific diluted sample.
Among these are Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which has a grape-like scent; Staphylococcus aureus, which is said to smell like old socks; and Proteus mirabilis, whose scent is alternately described as putrid [1]: 168 or like chocolate cake. [7]: 124 Other distinctive features of colonial morphology include motility and the production of pigments.
One particular feature of this type of motility is the formation of dendritic fractal-like patterns formed by migrating swarms moving away from an initial location. Although the majority of species can produce tendrils when swarming, some species like Proteus mirabilis do form concentric circles motif instead of dendritic patterns. [19]